Table 1.
Patient and Visit Characteristics
| Characteristics | Number (%) |
|---|---|
| N | 285 |
| Site (%) | |
| New England ED | 143 (50.2) |
| California ED | 142 (49.8) |
| Age (years), mean (±SD) | 48.7 (±17.6) |
| Sex (%) | |
| Female | 135 (47.4) |
| Male | 148 (51.9) |
| Other | 0 (0.0) |
| Missing | 2 (0.7) |
| Race (%) | |
| Black | 54 (18.9) |
| White | 134 (47.0) |
| Other | 97 (34.0) |
| Ethnicity (%) | |
| Not Hispanic | 215 (75.4) |
| Hispanic | 70 (24.6) |
| Education (%) | |
| Not a high school graduate | 44 (15.4) |
| High school graduate or GED | 86 (30.2) |
| Some college or 2-year degree | 86 (30.2) |
| 4-year college degree or more | 67 (23.5) |
| Missing | 2 (0.7) |
| Primary insurance (%) | |
| Commercial | 89 (31.2) |
| Medicaid | 93 (32.6) |
| Medicare | 55 (19.3) |
| None | 15 (5.3) |
| Other | 31 (10.9) |
| Missing | 2 (0.7) |
| Primary language at home (%) | |
| English | 241 (84.6) |
| Not English | 43 (15.1) |
| Missing | 1 (0.4) |
| ED arrival time (%) | |
| 6 A.M. to 11:59 A.M. | 160 (56.1) |
| 12 noon to 5:59 P.M. | 69 (24.2) |
| 6 P.M. to 11:59 P.M. | 30 (10.5) |
| 12 midnight to 5:59 A.M. | 22 (7.7) |
| Missing | 4 (1.4) |
| Emergency Severity Index (%) | |
| 1 (most severe) | 12 (4.2) |
| 2 | 92 (32.3) |
| 3 | 108 (37.9) |
| 4 | 65 (22.8) |
| 5 (least severe) | 5 (1.8) |
| Unknown | 1 (0.4) |
| Missing | 2 (0.7) |
| Admitted to the hospital (%) | |
| No | 181 (63.5) |
| Yes | 104 (36.5) |
| Barriers to SDM score, range 15–75, mean (±SD) | 30.5 (±6.1) |
GED = general education development; SDM = shared decision making.