. 2021 May 5;129(5):057702. doi: 10.1289/EHP8998

Table 1.

Population characteristics in postmenopausal endometrial cancer cases and matched controls nested within the Multiethnic Cohort.

Characteristic	Controls	Cases
Characteristic	$n = 139$	$n = 139$
Creatinine-adjusted EDC excretion [median (IQR)]
BPA^a	1.54 (0.81–2.95)	1.62 (1.01–2.93)
Triclosan^a	9.70 (2.94–32.67)	9.29 (2.52–37.99)
Methyl paraben^a	98.73 (28.37–246.26)	78.64 (21.30–229.18)
Ethyl paraben^a	3.23 (0.48–12.19)	1.47 (0.33–11.75)
Propyl paraben	20.16 (4.18–82.67)	11.30 (2.54–41.62)
Butyl paraben^a	0.36 (0.00–2.83)	0.15 (0.00–1.29)
Total parabens^b	137.13 (36.93–358.83)	111.55 (29.01–323.44)
MBzP	13.65 (8.77–23.41)	14.17 (9.03–19.76)
MECPP	33.03 (21.23–63.80)	34.40 (22.79–59.59)
MEHHP	33.57 (23.30–55.40)	34.74 (21.76–57.97)
MEHP	8.02 (5.46–12.18)	7.97 (4.42–13.65)
MEOHP	19.47 (13.45–32.35)	20.97 (13.14–39.63)
MEP^a	64.53 (28.36–133.23)	51.51 (31.70–116.34)
MiBP^a	4.22 (3.05–7.23)	5.38 (3.44–7.89)
MMP^a	7.17 (5.21–11.50)	7.09 (4.69–10.06)
MnBP	22.01 (15.10–42.21)	22.44 (17.36–41.78)
PA	58.94 (40.28–91.89)	54.24 (39.05–98.34)
DBP^c	27.90 (19.46–50.11)	30.00 (22.04–55.58)
DEHP^d	90.81 (67.34–161.01)	95.33 (66.25–157.6)
Total phthalates^e	259.37 (181.45–387.84)	253.07 (176.75–450.75)
Creatinine	0.53 (0.33–0.76)	0.54 (0.32–0.80)
Population characteristics [ $n$ (%) or median (IQR)]
Age at urine collection (y)^f	62 (59–69)	62 (59–69)
Race/ethnicity^f
White	35 (25)	35 (25)
African American	9 (6)	9 (6)
Native Hawaiian	26 (19)	26 (19)
Japanese American	52 (37)	52 (37)
Latina	17 (12)	17 (12)
Parity at baseline
Nulliparous	28 (20)	26 (19)
Parous	111 (80)	113 (81)
Oral contraceptive use at baseline
Never	55 (40)	64 (46)
Former	84 (60)	75 (54)
Postmenopausal hormone use at urine collection^a
Not current	114 (82)	114 (82)
Current	25 (18)	25 (18)
BMI at urine collection ( ${kg / m}^{2}$ )^g
$< 25$	56 (40)	43 (31)
25–29	52 (37)	37 (27)
$\geq 30$	31 (22)	59 (42)
Diabetes prevalence^h
No	108 (78)	122 (88)
Yes	31 (22)	17 (12)
Case characteristics [ $n$ (%) or median (IQR)]
Age at diagnosis (y)	—	69 (65–75)
Years from urine collection to diagnosis	—	6.6 (3.4–9.4)
Tumor histology
Endometrioidⁱ	—	104 (75)
Serous	—	15 (11)
Other	—	20 (14)
Disease stage^j
Localized	—	99 (71)
Regional and distant	—	36 (26)
Tumor grade
1	—	46 (33)
2	—	27 (19)
3	—	42 (30)
4	—	24 (17)

Note: —, not applicable; BMI, body mass index; BPA, bisphenol A; DBP, dibutyl phthalate; DEHP, di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; EDC, endocrine disrupting chemical; IQR, interquartile range; LOD, limit of detection; MBzP, mono-benzyl phthalate; MECPP, mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate; MEHHP, mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate; MEHP, mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; MEOHP, mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate; MEP, monoethyl phthalate; MiBP, monoisobutyl phthalate; MMP, monomethyl phthalate; MnBP, mono-n-butyl phthalate; PA, phthalic acid.

^{^a}

Including observations with concentrations below the LOD of the assay, set to half the LOD: butyl paraben (35%) and BPA, triclosan, methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, MEP, MiBP, and MMP ( $\leq 8 %$ each).

^{^d}

Sum of butyl, ethyl, methyl, and propyl paraben excretion.

^{^c}

Sum of MiBP and MnBP excretion.

^{^d}

Sum of MECPP, MEHHP, MEHP, and MEOHP excretion.

^{^e}

Sum of MBzP, MECPP, MEHHP, MEHP, MEOHP, MEP, MiBP, MMP, and MnBP excretion.

^{^f}

Matching factor.

^{^g}

BMI at baseline used for three cases missing BMI at urine collection.

^{^h}

Self-reported diabetes at baseline and/or diabetes medication use at biospecimen collection.

^ⁱ

Including adenocarcinoma with squamous cell differentiation and adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified.

^{^j}

$n = 4$ (3%) cases missing stage.