Fructose supplementation reduced insulin signaling and suppressed the downregulation of the Mediator kinase module. A) Western blotting and relative densitometric analysis of hepatic nuclear MED13, MED12, CDK8, CCNC, nuclear ChREBP, and nucleolin loading control. B) Western blotting and relative densitometric of total liver including nuclear and cytosolic fractions (n = 6 per group, representative duplicate from 3 separate experiments shown on gels). P values were determined by Student's t-test (p < 0.05). Values are the mean ± SEM. Identical letters indicate values that are not statistically different from each other (p > 0.05). Multiple sample comparisons were determined by one-way ANOVA followed by the Turkey-Kramer multiple comparisons test.