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. 2021 May 5;11:270. doi: 10.1038/s41398-021-01389-5

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — A UWT-group rats were restrained immediately following UWT at day 1. From day 2 to day 7, rats were allowed to swim for 1 min/day as a reminder session. Rats were immediately restrained (2 min) following UWT and swimming sessions. During restraint, rats who received PBM treatment (2 min) were assigned as PBM-group, and rats that did not receive PBM treatment were assigned as UWT-group. In total, each PBM-group rat received 7 doses of PBM treatment. Ctrl-group rats were allowed to swim freely from day 0 to day 7. All rats remained undisturbed during days 8–20. A battery of behavioral tests was performed, beginning on day 21. B Rats underwent the same UWT event and PBM treatment as the above experimental design on day 1. Three hours later, a battery of behavioral tests for PTSD-like comorbidities was initiated.