Table 1.
Descriptive statistics—overall and by number of classes of glucose-lowering agent
| Baseline characteristics | All patients | Patients characterized by number of index classes of oral GLAs | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 oral GLA | 2 oral GLAs | 3+ oral GLAsa | P value | ||
| Sample size | 4156 | 2221 | 1419 | 516 | |
| Age, years, median (IQR)b | 55 (50–59) | 55 (50–59) | 55 (50–58) | 55 (50–58) | 0.6779 |
| Sex | < 0.0001 | ||||
| Male | 2329 (56.0) | 1154 (52.0) | 841 (59.3) | 334 (64.7) | |
| Female | 1827 (44.0) | 1067 (48.0) | 578 (40.7) | 182 (35.3) | |
| Region | 0.0330 | ||||
| Northeast | 462 (11.1) | 243 (10.9) | 162 (11.4) | 57 (11.1) | |
| North Central | 903 (21.7) | 512 (23.1) | 294 (20.7) | 97 (18.8) | |
| South | 2674 (64.3) | 1419 (63.9) | 910 (64.1) | 345 (66.9) | |
| West | 115 (2.8) | 45 (2.0) | 53 (3.7) | 17 (3.3) | |
| Unknown | 2 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Insurance Plan Type | 0.0064 | ||||
| Comprehensive | 694 (16.7) | 401 (18.1) | 226 (15.9) | 67 (13.0) | |
| Health Maintenance Organization | 1810 (43.6) | 956 (43.0) | 622 (43.8) | 232 (45.0) | |
| Point of Service | 436 (10.5) | 198 (8.9) | 168 (11.8) | 70 (13.6) | |
| Preferred Provider Organization | 884 (21.3) | 471 (21.2) | 299 (21.1) | 114 (22.1) | |
| Consumer Directed Health Plan | 146 (3.5) | 84 (3.8) | 47 (3.3) | 15 (2.9) | |
| Other/unknown | 186 (4.5) | 111 (5.0) | 57 (4.0) | 18 (3.5) | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, median (IQR)b | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.3938 |
| Diabetes Complications Severity Index, median (IQR)b | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.6087 |
Values in table are presented as the frequency (N) with the percentage in parenthesis, unless indicated otherwise
GLA Glucose-lowering agent
a41 patients received prescriptions for 4 classes of oral GLAs and 2 patients received prescriptions for 5 classes of oral GLAs
bFor continuous variables, medians and interquartile ranges (IQR) are reported since Kolmogorov-Smirnoff test reject the hypothesis of normality