Table IV.
Effect size of the association of HLA-DRB1∗10:01 with immediate hypersensitivity reactions broken down by drug classes and individual drugs
| Drug | Ethnicity∗ | No. of cases | Case MAF | OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cephalosporins | Caucasian | 162 | 0.019 | 2.03 (0.82-5.07) | .13 |
| Cefaclor | Caucasian | 23 | 0 | — | — |
| Cefazolin | Caucasian | 17 | 0.059 | 6.12 (1.32-28.30) | .02 |
| Cefotaxime | Italian | 17 | 0 | — | — |
| Ceftazidime | Italian | 17 | 0 | — | — |
| Ceftriaxone | Italian | 48 | 0.010 | 1.05 (0.13-8.33) | .96 |
| Cefuroxime | Caucasian | 14 | 0.050 | 2.90 (0.37-22.76) | .31 |
| Penicillins | Caucasian | 501 | 0.036 | 3.07 (2.04-4.62) | 7.42 × 10−8 |
| Amoxicillin | Caucasian | 166 | 0.042 | 3.48 (1.92-6,28) | 3.74 × 10−5 |
| Ampicillin | Italian | 29 | 0.014 | 1.98 (0.25-15.79) | .52 |
| Co-amoxiclav | Caucasian | 218 | 0.034 | 2.85 (1.60-5.10) | .0004 |
| Phenoxymethylpenicillin | Caucasian | 25 | 0.080 | 6.66 (2.14-20.79) | .001 |
| Piperacillin | Caucasian | 18 | 0.028 | 2.32 (0.29-18.78) | .43 |
| Bacampicillin | Italian | 21 | 0.024 | 2.09 (0.26-17.03) | .49 |
MAF, Minor allele frequency. OR and P value as defined in Table II.
∗
Ethnicity—Caucasian is applied to patients of Spanish, Italian, and Northern European descent and confirmed by principal component analysis. Where only 1 nationality was available for a particular drug, this is indicated and only appropriate matching controls were chosen.