Table 1.
Summary table of brain PTX3 mRNA expression, protein presence and localization over time after TBI.
| PTX3 | Naive | Sham | TBI 30’ | TBI 24 h | TBI 48 h | TBI 96 h | TBI 1w | TBI 2w | TBI 3w | TBI 4w | TBI 5w |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gene expression | |||||||||||
| mRNA: cortex | – | Control group | – | + + + | – | + + + | + | + + | – | – | + |
| mRNA: striatum | – | Control group | – | + + + | – | + + + | + + | + | – | – | = |
| mRNA: hippocampus | – | Control group | – | + + + | – | + + | + + | + | – | – | + + |
| mRNA: thalamus | – | Control group | – | + | – | = | = | = | – | – | = |
| Protein presence | |||||||||||
| Plasma | Control group |
+ + + (24 h) = (5w) |
+ | + + + | + | + | + + | + + + | + + | – | = |
| Brain cortex | Control group |
= (24 h) = (5w) |
= | = | + | + + | + + + | + + + | + + + | + | + + |
| Protein localization | |||||||||||
| Neutrophils | – | – | – | – | Next to | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Astrocytes | – | – | – | – | – | – | Next to | – | – | – | – |
| Microglia | – | – | – | – | – | – | Next to | – | – | – | – |
| Neurons | – | – | – | – | – | – | Next to | – | – | – | – |
| Endothelial cells | – | – | – | – | – | – | Next to | – | – | – | – |
| Fibrin(ogen) | – | – | – | – | – | – | Co-localization | Co-localization | – | – | – |
The long-lasting pattern of activation of PTX3 in brain and blood following TBI supports the hypothesis that PTX3 contributes to the progression of the lesion with effects varying over time. Increases versus respective controls are calculated according to quartiles and correspond to: = control group; + low increase; + + intermediate increase; + + + high increase.