Table 1.

SOMEDIS-A items with corresponding ICD-11 and DSM-5 criteria.

ICD-11 criteriaa and corresponding DSM-5 item	SOMEDIS-A items
	Thinking of the last 12 months, how strongly do you agree with the following statements?
A) Impaired control over SM use (e.g., onset, frequency, intensity, duration, termination, context)	1. I often use social media more frequently and longer than I planned to or agreed upon with my parentsb
Persistence	2. I often cannot stop using social media even though it would be sensible to do so or for example my parents have told me to stop
B) Increasing priority given to SM use to the extent that it takes precedence over other life interests and daily activities	3. I often do not pursue interests outside the digital world (e.g., meeting friends or partner in real life, attending sports club/societies, reading books, making music) because I prefer using social media
Displacement	4. I neglect daily duties (e.g., grocery shopping, cleaning, tidying up after myself, tidying my room, obligations for school/apprenticeship/job) because I prefer using social media
C) Continuation or escalation of SM use despite the occurrence of negative consequences	5. I often continue using social media even though it causes me stress with others (e.g., my parents, siblings, friends, partner, teachers)
Continuation	6. I continue using social media although it harms my performance at school/apprenticeship/job (e.g., by being late, not participating in class, neglecting homework, worse grades)
D) The behavioral pattern is of sufficient severity to result in significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational, or other important areas of functioning Conflict	7. Due to my social media use, I neglect my appearance, my personal hygiene, and/or my health (e.g., sleep, nutrition, exercise) 8. Due to my social media use, I risk losing important relationships (friends, family, partner) or have lost them already 9. Due to my social media use, I have disadvantages at school/apprenticeship/job [e.g., bad (final) grades, inability to continue to the next grade/no graduation, no apprenticeship or university spot, poor reference, warning/dismissal]
E) The pattern of SM use may be continuous or episodic and recurrent and normally evident over a period of at least 12 months	10. How often did you experience such problems, conflicts, or difficulties due to social media use during the past year? Did this only occur on single days, during longer periods of several days to weeks or months, or was it almost daily?c

SOMEDIS-A, Social Media Disorder Scale for Adolescents; ICD-11, 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases; DSM-5, 5th revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; SM, social media;

^aICD-11 Gaming Disorder criteria adapted to social media usage;

^bresponse options for item 1-9: 5-point Likert-Scale: “strongly disagree”- “strongly agree”;

^cresponse options: “not at all,” “only on single days,” “during longer periods,” “almost daily.”