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The malate-aspartate shuttle. The shuttle results in the net exchange of NADH with NAD+ from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix. AAT, aspartate aminotransferase; AGC, glutamate-aspartate antiporter; MDH, malate dehydrogenase; OGC, malate-α-ketoglutarate antiporter. Figure adapted from (Korla, Vadlakonda and Mitra 2015).
