Table 3.
Cox proportional hazard model for disease-free survival in 149 patients.
| Variable | Univariate | Multivariate | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | p value | HR | 95% CI | p value | |
| Age (≥ 65 years old) | 2.388 | 1.317–4.329 | 0.004 | 1.403 | 0.736–2.674 | 0.304 |
| Gender (male) | 1.098 | 0.593–2.033 | 0.765 | |||
| Smoking history | 1.592 | 0.850–2.979 | 0.146 | |||
| Preoperative CEA level (> 6.0 ng/mL) | 1.428 | 0.662–3.083 | 0.364 | |||
| Maximum tumor dimension (> 30 mm)* | 2.136 | 1.139–4.005 | 0.018 | 0.973 | 0.500–1.893 | 0.936 |
| Radiologic appearance (solid-dominant)* | 7.015 | 2.957–16.644 | < 0.001 | 2.371 | 0.892–6.307 | 0.084 |
| Pleural invasion (PL1, PL2, PL3)* | 4.226 | 2.024–8.822 | < 0.001 | 1.648 | 0.727–3.740 | 0.232 |
| Histology differentiation (poor)* | 3.827 | 2.071–7.071 | < 0.001 | 1.248 | 0.607–2.564 | 0.547 |
| Angiolymphatic invasion* | 3.309 | 1.793–6.107 | < 0.001 | 1.209 | 0.571–2.438 | 0.655 |
| Subtyping predominate (high-grade)* | 10.066 | 5.369–18.871 | < 0.001 | 5.324 | 2.570–11.462 | < 0.001 |
| Tumor distribution (bilateral) | 0.982 | 0.495–1.950 | 0.959 | |||
| Tumor located in the same lobe | 0.730 | 0.367–1.450 | 0.369 | |||
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | 2.566 | 1.399–4.706 | 0.002 | 0.757 | 0.387–1.484 | 0.418 |
| Second dominant subtyping (invasive type)** | 4.161 | 2.046–8.473 | < 0.001 | 1.986 | 0.902–4.374 | 0.089 |
Calculated by Cox regression method.
CEA Carcinoembryonic antigen.
*Dominant tumor.
**Second dominant tumor with other than lepidic predominant subtype.