Table 2.

Innovation groups, definitions, and corresponding studies

	Innovation group (cases)	Definition	Studies*
1	E-innovations	Online innovations such as websites and smartphone apps.	[85–90]
2	Family-focused innovations	Innovations specifically aimed at mental health service users who are parents.	[91–93]
3	Peer workers	Innovations centred on the employment of people with lived experience of mental health problems.	[94–104], [105–109], [110], [111–115]
4	Personal recovery planning	New approaches to writing plans within service provider–service user encounters.	[109, 116–121], [115, 122], [123, 124]
5	Recovery colleges	Education programs offering courses to service users and service providers on recovery and other topics in mental health.	[125–129]
6	Service navigation and coordination	Innovations aimed at wraparound care, care coordination, and client access to services across health and social services.	[104, 130, 131], [110, 132], [133, 134]
7	Staff training	Training programs for staff in mental health recovery.	[18, 135–139]
8	Architecture	Not included in synthesis. See Additional file 7 for details.	[140–144]
9	Community connections
10	Consumer-led advisory councils
11	Personal budgets
12	Sport
Other
Perspectives on implementing recovery-oriented services in general		Not included in synthesis. See Additional file 7 for details.	[115, 145–153]

^*The following studies appear under more than one innovation group because the innovation crosses two categories and findings related to each are reported [104, 109, 110, 155]. For Smith-Merry et al. [155], only the data reported about peer workers and wellness recovery action planning were included in Synthesis Part 2