Berth‐Jones 1992a.
Study characteristics | ||
Methods | This study was carried out in a secondary care setting, and it was open. Intention‐to‐treat analysis was not carried out. This study was conducted in the UK. |
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Participants | 400 participants were recruited: 77 dropped out. Inclusion criteria of the trial
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Interventions |
3‐weekly cryotherapy was applied with a cotton wool bud + SA/LA versus no cryotherapy. |
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Outcomes |
Outcomes of the trial
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Notes | Cure rates were expressed as percentages only. | |
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | It was stated that the trial was randomised, but no details were given. |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | This was unclear; no details were given. |
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | High risk | This was inadequate; there was no blinding. |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | High risk | This was inadequate; there was no blinding. |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | High risk | 77 randomised participants were lost to follow up at 3 months with no reasons given, although they were balanced demographically and across the treatment groups. |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | The only outcome, 'cure rate', was reported. |