Fig. 5.

Effect of LFA-1 on leukocyte–endothelium transmigration. Representative findings from flow cytometry analysis evaluating a LFA-1 expression in leukocytes and b ICAM1–3 expression in HUVECs in the presence and absence of LPS and TNF-α stimulation, respectively. c The extent of cell transmigration, as measured by the fluorescence intensity of Leuko Tracker solution-labelled leukocytes from six healthy subjects. Leukocyte migration in the presence of anti-LFA-1 antibody, anti-ICAM1 antibody, and isotype-matched control IgG was monitored. *P < 0.05, using Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test. LFA-1, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1; ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule-1; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; TNF, tumour necrosis factor