Table 2.
Description of clinical and psychosocial factors of participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2020 (n = 404)
| Variables | Frequency (404) | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical diagnosis | ||
| Schizophrenia | 346 | 85.6 |
| Schizophreniform | 9 | 2.2 |
| Schizo-affective | 26 | 6.4 |
| Delusional | 16 | 4 |
| Brief psychotic | 7 | 1.8 |
| Age of onset | ||
| < 20 years | 44 | 10.9 |
| ≥ 20 years | 360 | 89.1 |
| Delayed treatment | ||
| < 1 month | 123 | 30.5 |
| 1–6 months | 87 | 21.5 |
| > 6 months | 194 | 48.0 |
| Duration on treatment | ||
| Within 5 years | 302 | 74.8 |
| > 5 years | 102 | 25.2 |
| Types of medication taking | ||
| First generation APS | 183 | 45.3 |
| Second generation APS | 171 | 42.3 |
| Combination of first and second generation APS | 2 | 0.5 |
| Others* | 48 | 11.9 |
| Previous suicidal ideation | ||
| Yes | 15 | 3.7 |
| No | 389 | 96.3 |
| Comorbid of another mental illnesses | ||
| Yes | 92 | 22.8 |
| No | 312 | 77.2 |
| Comorbid another medical illness | ||
| Yes | 47 | 11.6 |
| No | 357 | 88.4 |
| Medication adherence | ||
| Adherent | 301 | 74.5 |
| Non adherent | 103 | 25.5 |
| Medication side effect | ||
| Mild side effect | 237 | 58.7 |
| Moderate side effect | 133 | 32.9 |
| Severe side effect | 34 | 8.4 |
| Social support | ||
| Poor support | 151 | 37.4 |
| Moderate support | 142 | 35.1 |
| Severe support | 111 | 27.5 |
| Stressful event | ||
| No stressful event | 53 | 13.1 |
| 1or 2 stressful events | 134 | 33.2 |
| ≥ 3 stressful events | 217 | 53.7 |
* = Antipsychotic and antidepressants, antipsychotic and mood stabilizers; APS Antipsychotics