Main outline of the discovery genome-wide association study (GWAS), replication of candidate SNPs outside HLA with multiple populations and trans-ethnic meta-analysis. GINS-J: The Research Consortium on Genetics of Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome in Japan, KCHRD: Korean Consortium of Hereditary Renal Diseases in Children, MWPNC: Midwest Pediatric Nephrology Consortium, NPHROVIR: Children Cohort Nephrosis and Virus, ItSpa: Italian and Spanish cohort.