Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients
| Characteristics | All patients | BMI <18.5 | BMI 18.5-24.9 | BMI 25–29.9 | BMI 30–34.9 | BMI ≥35 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=3530 |
n=82 (a) |
n=814 (b) |
n=1162 (c) |
n=809 (d) |
n=663 (e) |
||
| Male sex - no (%) | 1951 (55.27) | 43 (52.44) | 500 (62.29)de | 700 (60.24)de | 421 (52.04)bce | 280 (42.23)bcd | <0.001 |
| Age - median (IQR) | 65 (55–76) | 76 (66–83)cde | 72 (61–81)cde | 67 (57–77)abde | 62 (53–72)abce | 59 (47–68)abcd | <0.001 |
| Tobacco use - no (%) | 216 (6.17) | 5 (6.10) | 62 (7.69) | 67(5.82) | 43(5.36) | 39(5.94) | 0.350 |
| History - no (%) | |||||||
| Hypertension | 2199 (62.85) | 46 (56.10) | 496 (61.54) | 736 (63.89) | 494 (61.60) | 427 (64.99) | 0.336 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1659 (47.41) | 37 (45.12) | 395 (49.01) | 574 (49.83)e | 376 (46.88) | 277 (42.16)c | 0.026 |
| Diabetes | 1392 (39.78) | 18 (21.95)cde | 296 (36.72) | 471 (40.89)a | 328 (40.90)a | 279 (42.47)a | 0.002 |
| CKD | 522 (14.92) | 17 (20.73) | 142 (17.62) | 170 (14.76) | 108 (13.47) | 85 (12.94) | 0.037 |
| Asthma | 323 (9.15) | 2 (2.44)e | 49 (6.02)de | 81 (6.97)e | 83 (10.26)e | 108 (16.29)abcd | <0.001 |
| Heart failure | 282 (8.06) | 6 (7.32) | 73 (9.06) | 86 (7.47) | 61 (7.61) | 56 (8.52) | 0.716 |
| CAD | 253 (7.23) | 5 (6.10) | 65 (8.06) | 87 (7.55) | 60 (7.48) | 36 (5.48) | 0.373 |
| COPD | 169 (4.79) | 3 (3.66) | 56 (6.88)c | 39 (3.36)b | 45 (5.56) | 26 (3.92) | 0.004 |
| CVA or TIA | 160 (4.57) | 4 (4.88) | 44 (5.46) | 54 (4.69) | 36 (4.49) | 22 (3.55) | 0.438 |
| ESRD | 149 (4.26) | 6 (7.32) | 47 (5.83) | 45 (3.91) | 26 (3.24) | 25 (3.81) | 0.050 |
| PAD | 138 (3.94) | 6 (7.32) | 32 (3.97) | 49 (4.25) | 31 (3.87) | 20 (3.04) | 0.383 |
| HIV | 78 (2.23) | 4 (4.88) | 24 (2.98) | 19 (1.65) | 18 (2.24) | 13 (1.98) | 0.154 |
| Cirrhosis | 41 (1.16) | 0 (0.00) | 12 (1.47) | 19 (1.64) | 7 (0.87) | 3 (0.45) | 0.114 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index median (IQR) | 3 (1–4) | 4 (3–5)cde | 4 (2–5)cde | 3 (2–4)abde | 2 (1–4)abce | 2 (1–4)abcd | <0.001 |
(1) p-values refer to chi-square test/ANOVA, and the letters denote the columns with which a statistically significant pairwise comparison exists (Bonferroni’s method); (2) age in years; (3) BMI in kg/m2
BMI body mass index, CKD chronic kidney disease, CAD coronary artery disease, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CVA cerebrovascular accident, TIA transient ischemic attack, ESRD end-stage renal disease, PAD peripheral artery disease, HIV human immunodeficiency virus infection