Table 1. Promising vaccines, in use, authorized and in clinical trials.
Modified with permission from2-5.
| VACCINE | COMPANY/ DEVELOPER | TYPE OF VACCINE | STATUS |
|---|---|---|---|
| MRNA 1273 | Moderna/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)/Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA)/ Lonza/ Catalent/Rovi/ Medidata/ BIOQUAL | mRNA-based vaccine | In use in the US, Canada, the EU, the UK, Switzerland, Israel |
| BNT162 | BioNTech/ Pfizer/ Fosun Pharma/ Rentschler Biopharma | mRNA-based vaccine | In use by the European Commission, in the US, UK, Canada, Argentina, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain |
| AZD 1222 (FORMERLY CHADOX1) | University of Oxford, Oxford Biomedica, Vaccines Manufacturing and Innovation Centre, Pall Life Sciences, Cobra Biologics, HalixBV, Advent s.r.l., Merck KGaA, the Serum Institute, Vaccitech, Catalent, CSL and AstraZeneca/IQVIA | Non-Replicating Viral Vector | One of the largest vaccination programs; in use in the UK, EU, Argentina, Brazil, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, India, Mexico, Marocco, Pakistan |
| Janssen’s COVID-19 vaccine (AD26.COV2-S) | Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies/Johnson & Johnson/Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/ Emergent Biosolutions/ Catalent/ Biological E/ Grand River Aseptic Manufacturing (GRAM) | Non-Replicating Viral Vector (alone or with modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) boost) | Phase III clinical trial Approved for emergency use in the USA on February 28, 2021. |
| GAM-COVID-VAC (SPUTNIK V) | Gamaleya Research Institute | Non-Replicating Adenoviral Vector | In use in Algeria, Argentina, Bolivia, Hungary, Palestine, Paraguay, Serbia, Turkmenistan, UAE, Venezuela; “registered” in Belarus and Russia |
| AD5-NCOV | CanSino Biologics/ Beijing Institute of Biotechnology/ Petrovax | Non-Replicating Viral Vector (adenovirus type 5 vector) | In use for “the military” in China |
| To be defined | Wuhan Institute of Biological Products/ Sinopharm | Inactivated Virus | Authorized for emergency use in China and the UAE |
| CORONAVAC (FORMERLY PICOVACC) | Sinovac/ Instituto Butantan/ Bio Farma | Inactivated Virus | Authorized for emergency use in Brazil, China, Indonesia |
| BBIBP-CORV | Beijing Institute of Biological Products/ Sinopharm | Inactivated Virus | In use in Bahrain, China, Pakistan, the UAE |
| INO-4800 | Inovio Pharmaceuticals/ Beijing Advaccine Biotechnology/ VGXI Inc./ Richter-Helm Biologics/ Ology Bioservices/ International Vaccine Institute/ Seoul National University Hospital/ Thermo Fisher Scientific/ Kaneka Eurogenetec | DNA plasmid vaccine with electroporation | Phase II/III clinical trial |
| NVX-COV2373 | Novavax/ Emergent Biosolutions/ Praha vaccines/ Biofabri/ Fujifilm Diosynth Biotechnologies/ FDB/ Serum Institute of India/ SK Bioscience/ Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited/ AGC Biologics/ Polypeptide Group/ Endo | Protein subunit (full length recombinant SARS-CoV-2 glycoprotein nanoparticle vaccine adjuvanted with matrix M) | Phase III clinical trial |