Table 9. Relationship between age, metabolic status, learning and memory.
| Age Group & Metabolic Status: Mean (Standard Error) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Young Control | Young Metabolic | Middle-age Control | Middle-age Metabolic | Older Control | Older Metabolic |
| CVLT-II | ||||||
| Trial 1 | 6.70 (.38) | 6.94 (.45) | 7.12 (.47) | 6.28 (.45) | 6.05 (.59) | 6.40 (.47) |
| Trial 2 | 10.05 (.54) | 9.67 (.40) | 10.24 (.53) | 9.61 (.51) | 8.45 (.60) | 8.45 (.53) |
| Trial 3 | 12.05 (.51) | 11.67 (.51) | 11.53 (.52) | 11.56 (.49) | 9.77 (.69) | 10.35 (.68) |
| Trial 4 | 12.90 (.48) | 12.44 (.52) | 12.82 (.52) | 12.50 (.49) | 10.86 (.65) | 10.95 (.57) |
| Trial 5 | 12.85 (.45) | 13.17 (.44) | 13.00 (.58) | 12.83 (.60) | 11.05 (.59) | 11.30 (.62) |
| Total Recall | 54.55 (1.91) | 53.89 (1.82) | 54.71 (2.15) | 52.78 (1.99) | 46.18 (2.86) | 47.45 (2.54) |
| Short Delay FR | 11.85 (.59) | 11.89 (.62) | 12.41 (.69) | 11.22* (.74) | 9.32 (.80) | 9.35 (.81) |
| Long Delay FR | 12.15 (.73) | 12.89 (.52) | 13.12 (.61) | 12.78 (.59) | 10.50 (.72) | 11.20 (.62) |
| Short Delay CR | 12.55 (.69) | 12.22 (.62) | 12.76 (.76) | 12.56 (.68) | 9.50 (.73) | 9.95 (.85) |
| Long Delay CR | 12.65 (.65) | 12.89 (.52) | 13.18 (.69) | 12.94 (.60) | 10.23 (.77) | 11.70 (.68) |
| BVMT-R | ||||||
| Total Recall | 27.50 (1.07) | 27.22 (1.20) | 24.13 (1.13) | 22.76 (2.01) | 20.57 (1.52) | 20.35 (1.85) |
| Long Delay Recall | 10.40 (.32) | 10.22 (.41) | 10.00 (.40) | 8.82 (.75) | 8.81 (.58) | 8.20 (.75) |
Note. CVLT-II = California Verbal Learning Test-II, FR = free recall, CR = cued recall, BVMT-R = Brief Visual Memory Test-Revised. Significant exploratory analyses are denoted here using *** = p < .001;
** = p < .01;
* = p < .05.