(a) In vitro PA images of DMNFPPL with different concentrations. (b) Real-time PA images of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice at different time points after intravenous administration of DMNFPP and DMNFPPL. (c) The curves of PA signal rate changed with administration time periods. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [167]. Copyright 2020, International journal of pharmaceutics. (d) Schematic illustration of the synthesis procedure of MoS2 nanosheets with various layered nanostructures. (e) The PA signals produced by S–MoS2, F–MoS2, and M − MoS2 and (f) their quantitative results. (g) PA images of S–MoS2, F–MoS2, and M − MoS2 in subcutaneous tissue of mice and (h) their quantitative results. 1: Control group, 2: M − MoS2 treated group, 3: F–MoS2 treated group, 4: S–MoS2 treated group. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [170]. Copyright 2016, Advanced functional materials.