Table 3.
Descriptive Statistics of Sleep and Clinical Outcomes for the Final Sample
| Admission or First Week in Program | Discharge or Last Week in Program | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Mean (SD, min-max value) | n | Mean (SD, min-max value) | p | Hedges’ G | |
| Sleep Outcomes – Self-Report | ||||||
| Sleep/WakePatterns (ASWS) | 35 | 3.57 (0.58, 2.59-4.86) | - | - | - | - |
| Sleep Hygiene (ASHS) | 35 | 4.52 (0.51, 3.38-5.86) | - | - | - | - |
| Insomnia Symptoms (PISI) | 43 | 17.12 (6.69, 1-30) | 42 | 12.00 (5.91, 1-26) | <.001 | 0.80 |
| Daytime Sleepiness (ESS) | 43 | 8.00 (4.55, 0-19) | 43 | 5.58 (4.56, 0-16) | <.001 | 0.53 |
| Sleep Quality (Diaries) ǂ | 42 | 5.69 (1.70, 1.40-10.00) | 37 | 5.58 (1.52, 2.0-10.0) | .66 | 0.07 |
| Sleep Outcomes – Actigraphy | ||||||
| WASO (min) ǂ | 44 | 38.54 (21.67, 15.93-126.34) | 42 | 38.54 (14.26, 18.21-81.00) | .93 | 0.01 |
| Total Sleep Time (hours) ǂ | 44 | 7.96 (0.82, 5.61-9.59) | 42 | 7.73 (0.79, 5.65-10.16) | .07 | 0.28 |
| Sleep Onset Variability (min) ǂ | 44 | 37.98 (31.31, 2.0-147.00) | 42 | 38.48 (24.13, 9.52-116.12) | .93 | 0.02 |
| Sleep Offset Variability (min) ǂ | 44 | 32.82 (31.57, 8.0-174.00) | 42 | 37.04 (24.84, 6.52-105.50) | .50 | 0.15 |
| Clinical Outcomes | ||||||
| Disability (FDI) | 44 | 32.25 (9.38, 10-52) | 44 | 12.86 (7.73, 0-29) | <.001 | 2.24 |
| Coping (PCQ) | 44 | 8.27 (1.99, 3-13) | 44 | 10.59 (2.51, 5-15) | <.001 | 1.02 |
| Pain Intensity (NRS) | 44 | 6.20 (1.83, 2-10) | 44 | 5.61 (2.22, 0-10) | .042 | 0.29 |
Note: ASWS = Adolescent sleep wake scale; ASHS = Adolescent sleep hygiene scale; ESS = Epworth sleep scale for children; FDI = Functional disability inventory; NRS = Numeric rating scale; PCQ = Pain coping questionnaire; PISI = Pediatric insomnia severity index.
ǂ
Measure averaged over first seven nights in program (admission) and last seven nights in program (discharge).