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. 2021 Apr 23;12:649465. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.649465

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Copyright © 2021 Pretorius

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(1) After virus endocytosis, platelets express P-selectin on their membranes, followed by platelet-T cell complex formation (2); P-selectin on platelet membranes are also recognized by macrophages, possibly by the Fcγ-receptor; clearance may result due to either receptor binding or phagocytosis (3). CD40L is released from platelets and can migrate to membranes or shed as soluble (s)CD40L (4). sCD40L can bind to both the α_IIbβ₃ or CD40 receptors (5) The P-selectin on the membranes of sCD40L-activated platelets can also form complexes with monocytes (6). Platelet-neutrophils also form complexes (7) Diagram created with BioRender (https://biorender.com/).