Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Apr 23;12:649465. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.649465

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2021 Pretorius

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

HIV-1 and its trans activating factor (Tat) particles interacting with platelets and endothelial cells. Atherosclerotic plaque formation is known to cause endothelial damage and shown here to indicate an area of endothelial damage. Tat is expressed by HIV-1 infected cells and activates platelets through chemokine receptor CCR3 and integrin β3 (86) (1). Tat binds to endothelial cell integrin receptor α_vβ₃ (2). gp120 binds to endothelial cell receptors CXCR4 and CCR5 (3). Diagram created with BioRender (https://biorender.com/). Cells are not drawn to scale.