Table 3. Adjusted Prevalence of Selected Prescription Medication Use Among 185 565 Primary Care Patients in the Past Yeara.
| Medication use | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| EHR-documented medical cannabis use (n = 3551)b | EHR-documented other cannabis use (n = 36 599)b | No EHR-documented cannabis use (n = 145 415)b | |
| Any of the selected medicationsc | 54.6 (53.0-56.2) | 44.4 (43.9-44.8) | 37.3 (37.1-37.5) |
| Medications that treat conditions for which cannabis may have benefit | |||
| Any | 23.6 (22.4-24.7) | 16.6 (16.2-17.0) | 14.1 (14.0-14.3) |
| Antiemetics | 9.0 (8.3-9.7) | 6.5 (6.3-6.8) | 6.0 (5.9-6.1) |
| Muscle relaxants | 9.9 (9.2-10.7) | 7.9 (7.6-8.2) | 6.4 (6.3-6.5) |
| Medication for neuropathic pain | 8.9 (8.3-9.6) | 5.8 (5.5-6.1) | 4.5 (4.4-4.6) |
| Medications that treat mental health or substance use disorders | |||
| Any | 28.6 (27.3-29.9) | 22.2 (21.7-22.6) | 16.5 (16.4-16.7) |
| Antidepressants | 27.1 (25.9-28.4) | 21.5 (21.0-21.9) | 16.0 (15.8-16.1) |
| Buprenorphine | 0.6 (0.5-0.8) | 0.6 (0.5-0.7) | 0.6 (0.6-0.7) |
| Naloxone | 0.5 (0.4-0.7) | 0.2 (0.2-0.3) | 0.2 (0.1-0.2) |
| Naltrexone | 0.6 (0.5-0.8) | 0.3 (0.3-0.4) | 0.2 (0.2-0.2) |
| Other AUD medicationsd | 0.5 (0.3-0.7) | 0.4 (0.4-0.5) | 0.2 (0.2-0.2) |
| Medications that are potentially addictive | |||
| Any | 34.9 (33.6-36.3) | 29.1 (28.7-29.6) | 24.3 (24.1-24.5) |
| Benzodiazepines | 11.3 (10.5-12.2) | 9.0 (8.6-9.3) | 6.5 (6.3-6.6) |
| Opioids or codeine | 26.3 (25.2-27.5) | 21.9 (21.5-22.3) | 18.9 (18.7-19.1) |
| Other sedative hypnotics | 0.3 (0.2-0.5) | 0.4 (0.3-0.4) | 0.3 (0.2-0.3) |
| Stimulants | 2.1 (1.8-2.5) | 2.5 (2.3-2.6) | 1.8 (1.7-1.8) |
| Z-drugs (for sleep)e | 1.6 (1.2-1.9) | 1.8 (1.7-2.0) | 1.3 (1.3-1.4) |
Abbreviations: AUD, alcohol use disorder; EHR, electronic health record.
a
Estimates adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, insurance, and note-days.
b
Mutually exclusive categories based on practitioner-documented medical cannabis use in the past year (from natural language processing–assisted EHR review and International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision diagnoses) and patient report of cannabis use in the past year on a screen (see text).
c
Any prescription medication is an indicator of any filled prescription medications reported in the table.
d
Other AUD medications includes acamprosate and disulfiram.
e
Z-drugs include zaleplon, zolpidem, and eszopiclone.