Table 3.
List of genes identified in plastomes of Allium sect. Cepa.
| Category of Genes | Gene group | Gene name |
|---|---|---|
| Self-replication | Ribosomal RNA genes | rrn4.5 × 2, rrn5 × 2, rrn16 × 2, rrn23 × 2 |
| Transfer RNA genes | trnC-GCA, trnD-GUC, trnE-UUC, trnF-GAA, trnG-GCC, trnG-UCCa, trnH-GUG × 2, trnK-UUUa, trnL-UAAa, trnL-UAG, trnM-CAU, trnP-UGG, trnQ-UUG, trnR-UCU, trnS-GCU, trnS-GGA, trnS-UGA, trnT-UGU, trnT-GGU, trnV-UACa, trnY-GUA, trnW-CCA, trnfM-CAU, trnA-UGCa × 2, trnI-CAU × 2, trnI-GAUa × 2, trnL-CAA × 2, trnN-GUU × 2, trnR-ACG × 2, trnV-GAC × 2 | |
| Ribosomal protein (small subunit) | rps2, rps3, rps4, rps7 × 2, rps8, rps11, rps12b × 2, rps14, rps15, rps16a, rps18, rps19 | |
| Ribosomal protein (large subunit) | rpl2a × 2, rpl14, rpl16a, rpl20, rpl22, rpl23 × 2, rpl32, rpl33, rpl36 | |
| RNA polymerase | rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1a, rpoC2 | |
| Translational initiation factor | infA | |
| Genes for photosynthesis | Subunits of photosystem I | psaA, psaB, psaC, psaI, psaJ, ycf3b, ycf4 |
| Subunits of photosystem II | psbA, psbB, psbC, psbD, psbE, psbF, psbH, psbI, psbJ, psbK, psbL, psbM, psbN, psbT, psbZ | |
| Subunits of cytochrome | petA, petBa, petDa, petG, petL, petN | |
| Subunits of ATP synthase | atpA, atpB, atpE, atpFa, atpH, atpI | |
| Large subunit of Rubisco | rbcL | |
| Subunits of NADH dehydrogenase | ndhAa, ndhBa × 2, ndhC, ndhD, ndhE, ndhF, ndhG, ndhH, ndhI, ndhJ, ndhK | |
| Other genes | Maturase | matK |
| Envelope membrane protein | cemA | |
| Subunit of acetyl-CoA | accD | |
| Synthesis gene | ccsA | |
| ATP-dependent protease | clpPb | |
| Component of TIC complex | ycf1 × 2 | |
| Genes of unknown function | Conserved open reading frames | ycf2 × 2, ycf15 × 2 |
×2: Two gene copies in the IR regions.
a
With one intron.
b
With two introns.