Table 3.

Factors examined in publications

Factors	N	References
Contextual characteristics
Predisposing factors
Demographic	1	91
Social	/	/
Beliefs
Stigma*	14	33 44 45 52 60 64 66 71 77 84 85 88 89 100
Culture*	5	23 40 44 46 77
Social norms*	5	34 40 76 77 87
Gender roles*	3	27 66 100
Enabling factors
Health Policy	7	42 57 61 83 84 91 101
Financing	12	34 36 41 50 61 64 83 88 90 91 102 103
Organisation
Health professional factors*	22	24 31 34 36 39 42 43 50 53 58 61 69 79 81 82 84 88 90–92 101 104
Availability*	21	23 24 28 33 39 41 42 47 50 53 59 61 64 74 80 87 90 92 101 103 105
Additional healthcare services*	12	26 36 52 72 75 76 80 81 88 90 101 104
Cultural/linguistic suitable services*	9	23 31 37 40 62 66 71 84 85
Cooperation*	5	23 77 80 81 101
System complexity*	6	34 64 80 82 84 105
Quality of care*	6	26 34 42 59 80 90
Interpreters*	2	23 69
Need factors
Environmental	3	50 89 91
Population health indices	/	/
Individual characteristics
Predisposing factors
Demographic
Immigration status*	7	31 53 56 57 70 71 105
Gender	2	62 64
Age	13	24 25 44 50 53 57 58 61 62 78 79 93 105
Genetic	2	46 101
Social
Social network	41	25 26 28–31 33 35 39–42 47–50 54 56–58 60 62 64 66 67 75 77–82 84 85 87 89 92 93 103 105 106
Personal skills*	16	26 29 39 43 45 51 65–67 69–71 75 77 81 85
Competing priorities*	12	22–24 30 34 39 50 66 77 81 87 93
Living conditions*	10	39 41 47 49 65 66 70 80 88 89
Education*	5	47 57 61 87 90
Beliefs
Attitude towards healthcare services	33	23 26–29 31 34 40–42 45 47–50 52 59 61 63 74 77–80 85 87 88 90 92 102 103 105 106
Fear*	27	22–24 34 35 39 40 46 49 50 52 56 60–62 64 67 70 74 76–78 84 87 88 104 105
Values	28	23 25 26 29 31 33 34 40 46 48 53 54 56 57 60 62 66 67 70 71 74 81 84 86 87 92 103 106
Attitude towards health professionals	12	27 32 37 43 45 47 48 60 76 87 102 105
Enabling factors
Financing
Financial resources	25	22 25 28 41 42 48–53 57 62 65 67 70 71 77 78 87 90 93 102 103
Insurance	18	22 29 34 39 43 45 51 53 63 64 70 71 87 90 92 93 105 106
Income	8	28 29 53 64 70 87 92 106
Organisation
Accessibility*	34	22–25 29 34 39 41 42 44 47 48 50 52 57 61 64 65 71 74 77 78 81 82 87–90 92 102–106
Stable routine*	6	64 74 75 88 89 103
Reminder strategies*	3	39 50 52
Social Support
General*	12	47 48 50 63 66 75 77 79 82 87 89 103
Tangible	18	26 31 33 39 41 49 50 64 66 75 78 80 86 90 92 93 105 106
Emotional/affectionate	15	22 24 25 29 35 49 50 54 62 64 66 75 77 80 82
Informational	11	22 25 40 42 67 75 78 81 86 89 92 103 106
Need factors
Perceived
General*	10	30 31 33 58 64 73 78 86 92 106
Symptoms	45	22–26 30 35 39 41–43 46–50 53 54 57–60 62 64 66 67 70 74 75 77 78 80 85 87 90 93 100 102–104 106
Evaluated	20	25 30 33 35 41 55 58 59 62 75 78–80 82 85 90–92 103 106
Health behaviours
Personal health practice
Complementary medicine*	13	25 29 44 53 54 57 64 77 78 86 87 90 102
Self-care	11	24 29 46 48 64 74 86 87 89 102 103
Adherence	8	36 39 50 63 65 90 103 105
Diet	4	47 48 64 86
Process of medical care
Relationship patient-provider	21	23 26 27 39 50 52 60 66 67 70 72 74 75 77 82 84 88–91 103
Second medical opinion*	1	50
Use of personal health services	77	22–54 56–67 69–93 100–106
Outcomes
Perceived health status	5	41 48 77 90 91
Evaluated health status	1	64
Consumer satisfaction
General*	2	82 91
Prior experiences*	17	22 23 25 27 45 47 51 55 57 67 71 74 80 82 100 102 103
Waiting time	5	22 42 45 82 87
Satisfaction with providers*	18	22 26 34 35 45 47 48 55 71 72 75 76 80 82 84 87 102 103
Satisfaction with care facility*	8	29 37 41 59 78 82 93 103
Quality of life	/	/
Health literacy
Organisational health literacy*
Access to health information*	25	22–24 27 30 32 36 39 40 46–49 69 74–76 83 84 90 92 93 103
Individual health literacy*	1	69
Literacy*	2	61 103
Knowledge*	39	23 26–28 30–37 40 42 44 46–52 54 57 62 67 69 73–78 84 87 90 92 104 105
Motivation*	4	34 75 77 102
Competences*	22	22 23 27 29 32 37 39 48 50 52 56 61 63 64 67 70 74 75 82 89 105 106

*These factors were inductive codes, developed along the data material.