Figure 1.

Examples of msp1, msp2, and glurp electrophoretic band data from six pairs of day zero (D0) and day of failure (DX) samples. For clonal, single-strain infections, analysis is straightforward (participant 001 and 006). Analysis of multi-strain infections is more complicated and governed according to the 2007 WHO standard guidance. The presence of at least one shared allele (band) at any allelic family between D0 and DX samples at all genotyped loci is sufficient to provide evidence of recrudescence (participants 001–004, star denotes a shared allele). Notably, loss (participant 002), gain (participant 003), or both loss and gain (participant 004) of additional alleles is not evidence of new infection. Participant 005 would be classified as a new infection because there are no shared alleles at the msp2 locus at either allelic family. This figure appears in color at www.ajtmh.org.