Table 3.

Mediation analysis and conditional process analysis.

	B	SE	t	p	Boot LLCI	Boot ULCI
Model 1
Outcome: Pandemic-focused time
Gender	0.034	0.056	0.582	0.561	−0.086	0.149
Age	0.020	0.003	7.009	<0.001	0.015	0.026
Education background	0.055	0.030	1.840	0.066	−0.010	0.120
COVID-19 IU	0.036	0.006	5.973	<0.001	0.023	0.049
Model 2
Outcome: Negative emotions
Gender	−0.996	0.254	−3.927	0.001	−1.505	−0.481
Age	0.004	0.013	0.290	0.772	−0.023	0.029
Education background	−0.126	0.133	−0.948	0.344	−0.381	0.138
COVID-19 IU	0.445	0.028	15.653	<0.001	0.385	0.505
Pandemic-focused time	0.379	0.137	2.759	0.006	0.089	0.675
Perceived efficacy	−0.231	0.033	−7.089	<0.001	−0.303	−0.160
COVID-19 IU × Perceived efficacy	−0.018	0.008	−2.652	0.008	−0.034	−0.002
Indirect effect			Effect	Boot SE	Boot LLCI	Boot ULCI
COVID-19 IU → Pandemic-focused time → Negative emotions			0.138	0.006	0.003	0.027
Conditional direct effect			Effect	Boot SE	LLCI	ULCI
M − 1 SD			0.515	0.042	0.432	0.598
M			0.445	0.028	0.389	0.500
M + 1 SD			0.374	0.035	0.305	0.443

Note. Bootstrap sample size = 5000. LL = low limit, UL = upper limit, CI = confidence interval.