Table 1.

In vitro cytotoxic activities of P. harmala seed alkaloid fraction mediated Pt NPs, Pd NPs, and Pt–Pd NPs compared to their individual metal ions against A549 lung cancer cells and breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7).

Cells	In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity (IC50 in µg/mL)
	Pt (IV) Ions	Pd (II) Ions	Pt–Pd Ions	Pt NPs	Pd NPs	Pt–Pd NPs
A549	90.8 ± 0.54	91.9 ± 0.67	73.7 ± 0.23	10.9 ± 0.31	31 ± 0.28	8.8 ± 0.11
MCF-7	29.8 ± 0.35	48.7 ± 0.73	21.4 ± 0.19	6.7 ± 0.44	10.8 ± 0.59	3.6 ± 0.29