Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with IMID and controls
| IMIDs | HC | |
| N | 84 | 182 |
| Demographic characteristics | ||
| Age, years | 53.1±17.0 | 40.8±12.0 |
| Females, N (%) | 55 (65.5) | 104 (57.1) |
| BMI | 26.8±5.8 | 24.7±4.1 |
| Current smokers, N (%) | 14 (16.7) | 31 (17.0) |
| Comorbidities | ||
| Diabetes | 6 (7.1) | 2 (1.1) |
| Hypertension | 21 (25.0) | 19 (10.4) |
| History of CV event | 1 (1.2) | 1 (1.0) |
| History of thrombotic event | 0 | 0 |
| Type of IMID | ||
| SpA, N (%) | 27 (32.1) | 0 |
| RA, N (%) | 25 (29.8) | 0 |
| IBD, N (%) | 8 (9.5) | 0 |
| Psoriasis, N (%) | 8 (9.5) | 0 |
| Systemic*, N (%) | 16 (19.1) | 0 |
| Immune-modulatory therapy | ||
| No treatment, N (%) | 24 (28.6) | 0 |
| Glucocorticoids, N (%) | 10 (11.9) | 0 |
| csDMARDs monotherapy, N (%) | 20 (23.9) | 0 |
| MTX, N (%) | 16 (19.1) | 0 |
| Hydroxychloroquine, N (%) | 3 (3.6) | 0 |
| Sulfasalazine, N (%) | 1 (1.2) | 0 |
| bDMARDs/tsDMARDs, N (%) | 36 (42.9) | 0 |
| TNF inhibitors, N (%) | 11 (13.1) | 0 |
| IL-6 inhibitors, N (%) | 3 (3.6) | 0 |
| IL-23 inhibitors, N (%) | 6 (7.1) | 0 |
| IL-17 inhibitors, N (%) | 7 (8.3) | 0 |
| JAK inhibitors, N (%) | 6 (7.1) | 0 |
| Others†, N (%) | 3 (3.6) | 0 |
*Systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, IgG4-related disease, periodic fever syndromes, giant cell arteriitis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis and polymyalgia rheumatic.
†Apremilast, canakinumab and vedolizumab.
bDMARDs, biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; BMI, body mass index; csDMARDs, conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; CV, cardiovascular; HC, healthy controls; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; IL, interleukin; IMIDs, immune-mediated inflammatory diseases; JAK, Janus kinase; MTX, methotrexate; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; SpA, spondyloarthritis (including axial spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis); TNF, tumour necrosis factor; tsDMARDs, targeted-synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.