Table 1.
Phylogenetic isolation affecting delay of removal of acorns (left) and of leaf area of seedlings (right), accounting for ground cover and treatment
| Acorn removal delay | Leaf area removed | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| t | P | t | P | |
| Phylogen, isolation of focal conspecific adult | –2.84 | 0.012 | 2.73 | 0.014 |
| Treatment | NA | NA | F = 1.79 | 0.196 |
| Size of conspecific adult | Excl | Excl | Excl | Excl |
| Seedling density | –2.69 | 0.017 | 3.65 | 0.002 |
| Moss cover | Excl | Excl | Excl | Excl |
| Tree cover | Excl | Excl | –2.98 | 0.008 |
| Shrub cover | –1.94 | 0.072 | 1.31 | 0.207 |
| Herb cover | –2.35 | 0.033 | 0.88 | 0.392 |
| Treatment × seedling density | NA | NA | F = 8.77 | 0.002 |
| Exclusion all × seedling density | NA | NA | -4.16 | 0.001 |
| Exclusion insects × seedling density | NA | NA | 2.67 | 0.016 |
| Treatment × herb cover | NA | NA | F = 2.58 | 0.105 |
| Exclusion all × herb cover | NA | NA | –2.18 | 0.044 |
| Exclusion insects × herb cover | NA | NA | –1.54 | 0.142 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.45 | 0.48 | ||
| d.f. for error | 15 | 17 |
Treatment is the exclusion of particular groups of enemies. Treatment was dropped from analyses of acorn removal (see the Materials and Methods) but significantly affected seedling herbivory (Fig. 2). Analyses were limited to acorns and seedlings closest to the focal conspecific adult. Covariates were the random effect tree pair, and (in models of seedling herbivory) the age of leaves. Covariates are not shown. Best sub-set search was applied, and excluded variables are noted ‘Excl’.