TABLE 4.
Associations of tight junction markers and Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related molecules with cerebrovascular pathologies including CAA score
| Association with CAA score | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted analysis | Adjusting for age at death, sex, number of APOE ε4 alleles, Braak stage, and Thal phase | |||
| Variable | Regression coefficient (95% CI) | P-value | Regression coefficient (95% CI) | P-value |
| Aβ40 TBS | 0.16 (0.13, 0.20) | <.001 | 0.13 (0.10, 0.16) | <.001 |
| Aβ40 TX | 0.20 (0.16, 0.23) | <.001 | 0.17 (0.13, 0.20) | <.001 |
| Aβ40 FA | 0.24 (0.21, 0.27) | <.001 | 0.21 (0.17, 0.24) | <.001 |
| Aβ42 TBS | 0.04 (0.00, 0.07) | .068 | 0.03 (0.00, 0.06) | .085 |
| Aβ42 TX | 0.03 (−0.01, 0.06) | .19 | 0.01 (−0.02, 0.05) | .47 |
| Aβ42 FA | 0.05 (0.01, 0.09) | .007 | 0.06 (0.02, 0.09) | .001 |
| Aβ40/Aβ42 TBS | 0.16 (0.12, 0.19) | <0.001 | 0.13 (0.09, 0.16) | <0.001 |
| Aβ40/Aβ42 TX | 0.18 (0.15, 0.22) | <.001 | 0.15 (0.12, 0.19) | <.001 |
| Aβ40/Aβ42 FA | 0.22 (0.19, 0.26) | <.001 | 0.19 (0.16, 0.22) | <.001 |
| Total tau TBS | −0.04 (−0.08, 0.00) | .043 | −0.04 (−0.07, 0.00) | .033 |
| Total tau TX | −0.04 (−0.08, −0.01) | .023 | −0.04 (−0.07, 0.00) | .045 |
| Total tau FA | −0.03 (−0.07, 0.01) | .12 | −0.03 (−0.07, 0.00) | .074 |
| p-tau TBS | −0.02 (−0.06, 0.02) | .25 | −0.02 (−0.06, 0.01) | .17 |
| p-tau TX | 0.04 (0.00, 0.08) | .044 | 0.04 (0.00, 0.07) | .047 |
| p-tau FA | 0.06 (0.02, 0.09) | .004 | 0.04 (0.00, 0.08) | .048 |
| apoE TBS | −0.05 (−0.09, −0.01) | .008 | 0.00 (−0.03, 0.04) | .88 |
| apoE TX | 0.04 (0.00, 0.08) | .027 | 0.07 (0.03, 0.10) | <.001 |
| apoE FA | 0.15 (0.11, 0.18) | <.001 | 0.11 (0.07, 0.14) | <.001 |
| CLDN5 TX/CD31 TX | 0.00 (−0.04, 0.04) | .98 | 0.01 (−0.02, 0.05) | .42 |
| OCLN TX/CD31 TX | −0.01 (−0.05, 0.03) | .51 | 0.00 (−0.03, 0.04) | .86 |
Regression coefficients, 95% CIs, and P-values result from linear regression models, where CAA score was considered on the square root scale. Regression coefficients are interpreted as the change in mean CAA score (on the square root scale) corresponding to each 1-standard-deviation increase in the given variable (on the untransformed, square root transformed, or natural logarithm transformed scale). P-values <.0025 were considered statistically significant after applying a Bonferroni correction for multiple testing separately for each tight junction protein measure; statistically significant associations are shown in bold.
Abbreviation: APOE, apolipoprotein E; CAA, cerebral amyloid angiopathy; CI, confidence interval; CLDN5, claudin-5; FA, formic acid; OCLN, occludin; TBS, Tris-buffered saline; TX, 1% Triton X-100