Table 2.

Oxidative stress markers and Na⁺/K⁺ATPase activity of the study participants (n=90)

Parameter	Controls (n=40)	T2DM with MS (n=50)	P
Na+-K+ATPase activity (µM P/mg protein/h)	0.64±0.21	0.52±0.24	0.019
MDA (nmol/mL)	345.32±52.54	379.09±81.40	0.023
TAC (nmol/mL)	1138.16±220.21	1084.39±214.04	0.267
CAT (mU/mL)	177.9±20.66	179.42±21.55	0.755
SOD (U/mL)	14.12±0.75	13.92±1.18	0.373
GPX (U/mL)	305.02±110.84	275.99±113.59	0.249

Data are expressed as mean±SD. Significant P values are shown in bold. MDA=Malondialdehyde; TAC=Total antioxidant capacity; CAT=Catalase; SOD=Superoxide dismutase; GPx=Glutathione peroxidase; SD=Standard deviation; T2DM=Type-2 diabetes mellitus; MS=Metabolic syndrome