Table 1.
Study population and BAL differential cell counts.
| Characteristics | IPF (n = 32) | IPF/AE (n = 10) | ARDS (n = 7) | HV (n = 37) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (SD) | 68 ± 10 | 68 ± 10 | 52 ± 15 | 29 ± 8 |
| Sex (male), N (%) | 30 (94) | 9 (90) | 6 (86) | 20 (54) |
| Forced vital capacity, % of predicted, mean (SD) | 64 ± 16 | – | – | – |
| Diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (single breath), % of predicted, mean (SD) | 36 ± 20 | – | – | – |
| Invasive ventilation, n (%) | 0 | 2 (20) | 7 (100) | 0 |
| Received n-acetylcysteine, prednisolone, and azathioprine | 13 (41) | 6 (60) | 0 | 0 |
| BAL cell count, × 106/100ml (SD) |
14.6 ± 7.8 | 18.0 ± 7.5 | 32.4 ± 30.7 | 7.0 ± 3.2 |
| Alveolar macrophages, % (SD) | 65.1 ± 21.2 | 59.1 ± 15.5 | 32.7 ± 19.5 | 86.0 ± 5.2 |
| Lymphocytes, % (SD) | 12.1 ± 12.8 | 4.0 ± 3.0 | 8.5 ± 3.6 | 10.5 ± 5.2 |
| Neutrophils, % (SD) | 18.9 ± 22.0 | 30.8 ± 17.3 | 56.2 ± 20.9 | 2.3 ± 1.8 |
| Eosinophils, % (SD) | 3.4 ± 4.7 | 6.3 ± 4.4 | 2.0 ± 3.9 | 0.3 ± 0.7 |
ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; HVs, healthy volunteers; IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; IPF/AE, acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.