Figure 1.

Strategies for the generation of CMV-specific T-cells. (A) Ex vivo T-cell expansion requires the in vitro stimulation and expansion of T-cells using APCs presenting viral peptides or proteins. (B) Direct selection employs virus-derived peptide specific multimers in the setting of a HLA class-I molecule, viral antigen T-cell stimulation followed by cytokine expressing T-cell selection using antibody coated immunomagnetic beads or activation marker selection based on the detection of specific surface molecules that are selectively expressed or strongly up-regulated after T-cell activation. (C) Genetic manipulation requires gene transfer of high affinity CMV-specific T-cell receptors (TCR) or chimeric-antigen receptors (CAR) to change specificity of T-cells to CMV antigens. This figure was created using BioRender.com.