Table 1.

Composition of different types of (preterm) infant nutrition per 100 ml

	HM terma	HM preterma	HM fortifier	HM protein fortifierb	Preterm formula	Energy & protein-enriched formula	Protein-enriched formula	Standard term formula
Energy (kcal)	68	65	14–16	3.4	79–100	74–77	66–68	64–68
Protein (g)	1.0	1.5	1.0–1.2	0.8	2.6–3.0	2.0–2.1	2.0–2.2	1.3–1.4
P:E ratio	1.5	2.3	-	-	3.0–3.6	2.7–2.8	3.0–3.3	2.0–2.1
Carbohydrates (g)	7.0	7.2	1.8–2.8	0.02	7.8–9.6	7.5–7.8	6.6–7.3	6.9–7.6
Lipids (g)	4.0	3.5	-	0.001	3.9–6.7	4.0–4.1	3.4–3.7	3.4–3.6
Calcium (mg)	30	25	66–116	5.2	96–183	53–120	66–165	44–57
Phosphate (mg)	15	14	38–64	5.2	54–101	46–66	39–90	26–43
Iron (mg)	0.1	0	0–0.32	-	1.5–1.8	1.2–1.8	0.9–1.8	0.4–1.8
Vitamin D (μg)	0	0	3.0–5.0	-	1.9–7.5	1.3–3.1	1.3–7.5	1.2–1.5

Based on available products in Europe (Nenatal/Nutrilon Nutricia, HeroBaby, Humana, Nutriprem Cow&Gate, Enfamil Mead Johnson, Similac Abbott)

^aBased on Gidrewicz et al. [98] and Boyce et al. [99]

^bPer sachet of 1 g. (E&)P-enriched formula, (energy&) protein-enriched formula; HM, human milk; HMF, human milk fortifier; HMPF, human milk protein fortifier; P:E ratio, protein-to-energy ratio; STF, standard term formula