Table 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of study subjects.

Characteristic	GOSE ≤ 4	GOSE > 4
Total subjects, n	348	483
Female, n	97 (27.87%)	127 (26.29%)
Age, median [Q1, Q3]	45 [29, 59]	31 [22, 45]
Abbreviated injury score [Q1, Q3]	29 [22, 36]	22 [14, 29]
Head injury severity score, median [Q1, Q3]	4 [4, 5]	3 [3, 4]
Cause of injury
Motor vehicle collision, n	99 (28.45%)	204 (42.24%)
Motorcycle/scooter/ATV/bicycle crash, n	82 (23.56%)	126 (26.09%)
Pedestrian struck by moving vehicle, n	66 (18.97%)	42 (8.70%)
Fall, n	63 (18.10%)	70 (14.49%)
Assault, n	24 (6.90%)	22 (4.55%)
Other or unknown, n	14 (4.02%)	19 (3.93%)
Initial Glasgow coma scale
Motor response, median [Q1, Q3]	4 [3, 5]	5 [4, 5]
Eye opening response, median [Q1, Q3]	1 [1, 2]	2 [1, 3]
Verbal response, median [Q1, Q3]	1 [1, 2]	2 [1, 2]
Radiology findings
Subdural hematoma, n	224 (64.37%)	182 (37.68%)
Subdural hematoma (max width), median [Q1, Q3]	17.5 [0.0, 70.0]	0 [0.0, 23.5]
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (#), median [Q1, Q3]	2 [1, 3]	0 [0, 2]
Intra-ventricular hemorrhage, n	114 (32.76%)	75 (15.53%)
Intraparenchymal hematoma (max width), median [Q1, Q3]	0 [0, 0]	0 [0, 0]
Brain contusion (#), median [Q1, Q3]	1 [0, 2]	0 [0, 1]
Brain contusion (max width), median [Q1, Q3]	2.0 [0.0, 38.0]	0.0 [0.0, 13.75]
Diffuse axonal injury finding (#), median [Q1, Q3]	0 [0, 1]	0 [0, 0]
Third ventricle compression, n	125 (35.92%)	53 (10.97%)
Transtentorial herniation, n	97 (27.87%)	34 (7.04%)
Laboratory values
Glucose, median [Q1, Q3]	147.0 [126.0, 174.0]	139.0 [115.0, 167.25]
Hgb, median [Q1, Q3]	13.40 [12.15, 14.60]	14.0 [12.70, 15.0]
Platelets, median [Q1, Q3]	240.0 [201.0, 288.75]	236.0 [199.0, 283.0]
aPTT, median [Q1, Q3]	26.8 [24.0, 29.8]	25.8 [23.5, 28.1]
INR, median [Q1, Q3]	1.1 [1.0, 1.2]	1.1 [1.0, 1.17]