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. 2021 May 8;22(1):1–52. doi: 10.1007/s10754-021-09307-4

Table 6.

Multinomial logit estimate of the relative risk ratios of starting opioid use

Chronic pain Acute pain
Variables Nothing used (reference) Non-opioids only New start Nothing used (reference) Non-opioids only New start
CDC Guideline 0.930 0.910 0.959 0.961
(0.232) (0.296) (0.090) (0.152)
State Regulations 0.826 0.628* 1.109 0.790*
(0.170) (0.166) (0.082) (0.096)
Observations 3245 3245 3245 35,437 35,437 35,437

Relative Risk Ratios reported relative to “nothing used.” Standard errors in parentheses adjusted for complex survey design.

***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1