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. 2021 Apr;9(8):712. doi: 10.21037/atm-21-1448

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2021 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

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4-OI reduced inflammation and oxidative stress in LTA-induced RAW264.7 cells. (A) CCK-8 assay detected cell viability. (B,C) Western blotting of iNOS and statistical analysis. (D) TNF-α mRNA levels. (E) mRNA levels of IL-1β. (F) mRNA levels of IL-6. (G) Dihydroethidium staining to detect ROS levels. Data represent the mean ± standard deviation of 3 independent experiments (*, P<0.05; **, P<0.01; and ***, P<0.001). NS, no significant difference; 4-OI, 4-octyl itaconate; LTA, lipoteichoic acid; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha.