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Mechanism of action of 4-octyl itaconate in alleviating MRSA-ALI. 4-OI promotes nuclear translocation of Nrf2 by binding to the amino acid residues of Keap1 (TYR-426 and ARG-442); thereby activating the target genes downstream of Nrf2 (HO-1 and NQO1) to reduce MRSA-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; ALI, acute lung injury.
