. 2021 May 8;12:31. doi: 10.1186/s13229-021-00441-x

Table 4.

The effect of lifestyle factors on risk of cardiovascular and diabetic outcomes between autistic and non-autistic adults, stratified by sex

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
Female cardiovascular conditions	1.291 (1.142, 1.459)	4.88 × 10^–5 (***)	1.442 (1.070, 1.943)	0.033 *()**	1.444 (1.067, 1.954)	0.034 *()**	1.438 (1.037, 1.995)	0.059 ( ▲)
Male cardiovascular conditions	1.407 (1.207, 1.641)	1.69 × 10^–5 ()*	1.525 (1.024, 2.270)	0.050 ( ▲)	1.506 (1.010, 2.245)	0.059 ( ▲)	1.413 (0.913, 2.188)	0.161
Female Diabetic Conditions	1.526 (1.274, 1.830)	1.01 × 10^–5 ()*	1.948 (1.261, 3.008)	0.011 *()**	1.870 (1.206, 2.898)	0.021 *()**	2.315 (1.419, 3.778)	3.18 × 10^–3 ()**
Male Diabetic Conditions	1.671 (1.271, 2.207)	1.39 × 10^–4 ()*	1.663 (0.852, 2.243)	0.136	1.678 (0.859, 3.278)	0.130	1.537 (0.723, 3.267)	0.264

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Unadjusted

Adjusting for potential confounders†

Adjusting for potential confounders and family history††

Adjusting for potential confounders and lifestyle factors†††

OR
(95% CI)

FDR
(Sig.)

OR
(95% CI)

FDR
(Sig.)

OR
(95% CI)

FDR
(Sig.)

OR
(95% CI)

FDR
(Sig.)

Female cardiovascular conditions

1.291

(1.142, 1.459)

4.88 × 10^–5

(***)

1.442

(1.070, 1.943)

0.033

(*)

1.444

(1.067, 1.954)

0.034

(*)

1.438

(1.037, 1.995)

0.059

( ▲)

Male cardiovascular conditions

1.407

(1.207, 1.641)

1.69 × 10^–5

(***)

1.525

(1.024, 2.270)

0.050

( ▲)

1.506

(1.010, 2.245)

0.059

( ▲)

1.413

(0.913, 2.188)

0.161

Female

Diabetic

Conditions

1.526

(1.274, 1.830)

1.01 × 10^–5

(***)

1.948

(1.261, 3.008)

0.011

(*)

1.870

(1.206, 2.898)

0.021

(*)

2.315

(1.419, 3.778)

3.18 × 10^–3

(**)

Male

Diabetic

Conditions

1.671

(1.271, 2.207)

1.39 × 10^–4

(***)

1.663

(0.852, 2.243)

0.136

1.678

(0.859, 3.278)

0.130

1.537

(0.723, 3.267)

0.264

Significance level: *** (p < 0.001), ** (p < 0.01), * (p < 0.05), ▲ (p < 0.10)

OR = odds ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; FDR = false discovery rate; Sig. = significance level

^† Binomial logistic regression adjusting for age, ethnicity, education level, country of residence, current alcohol use, and past smoking frequency

^†† Binomial logistic regression adjusting for age, ethnicity, education level, country of residence, current alcohol use, past smoking frequency, and binary measure of family history

^††† Binomial logistic regression adjusting for age, ethnicity, education level, country of residence, current alcohol use, past smoking frequency, exercise frequency, exercise duration, sleep duration, meeting fruit and vegetable goals, eating high calorie foods, drinking high sugar beverages, meeting water goals, drinking caffeinated beverages, sleep disturbance (yes/no), and dietary restriction (yes/no)