Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the COVID-19 patients with and without cirrhosis.
| Variable | COVID-19 alone (n = 22) | COVID-19 + cirrhosis (n = 20) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 54 (34–65) | 54 (34–78) | n.s. |
| Male, n (%) | 19 (86.3) | 17 (85) | n.s. |
| Female, n (%) | 3 (13.6) | 3 (15) | |
| Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio | 8.15 (2.5–39.3) | 7 (4.4–18) | n.s. |
| Platelet count (x 109/L) | 210 (57–449) | 71 (22–143) | <0.0001 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.77 (0.33–3.74) | 2.91 (0.63–29.8) | 0.009 |
| AST (U/L) | 54 (27–210) | 55 (23–273) | n.s. |
| ALT (U/L) | 68.5 (18–172) | 63 (21–101) | n.s. |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 3.29 (0.37) | 2.8 (0.57) | 0.001 |
| Serum sodium (mEq/L) | 131.5 (4.03) | 134 (7.24) | n.s. |
| INR | 1.05 (0.96–1.74) | 1.4 (0.98–2.54) | 0.0002 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.9 (0.53–1.65) | 1.19 (0.4–3.4) | n.s. |
| ICU, n (%) | 11 (50) | 12 (60) | n.s. |
| Etiology of liver diseases, n (%) | |||
| Alcohol | 0 (0) | 10 (50) | - |
| HBV | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | - |
| HCV | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| NASH | 0 (0) | 6 (30) | - |
| Others | 0 (0) | 3 (15) | - |
| Ascites, n (%) | 0 (0) | 14 (70) | - |
| Hepatic encephalopathy, n (%) | 0 (0) | 8 (40) | - |
| ARDS, n (%) | 12 (54.5) | 9 (45) | n.s. |
| Liver disease severity n (%) | – | ||
| Child-Pugh A | 0 (0) | 2 (10) | |
| Child-Pugh B | 0 (0) | 5 (25) | |
| Child-Pugh C | 0 (0) | 13 (65) | |
| MELD score | – | 22 (8.59) | -- |
| Comorbidities n (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 9 (40.9) | 4 (20) | n.s. |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11 (50) | 9 (45) | n.s. |
| Coronary artery disease | 5 (22.7) | 3 (15) | n.s. |
| Obesity | 2 (9.09) | 3 (15) | n.s. |
| Liver disease | 0 | 20 (100) | P<0.0001 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 1 (0–5) | 5 (1–7) | P<0.001 |
For continuous variables, values are given as mean (SD) or median (min-max) and p values have been calculated by Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables are given as n (%) and p values for categorical variables have been calculated using Fisher's exact test. ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ICU, intensive care unit; INR, international normalized ratio; MELD, model for end-stage liver disease; NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.