TABLE 2.
Maternal, household, and infant baseline characteristics of HIV-negative mothers and live-born infants enrolled in the SHINE (Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy) environmental enteric dysfunction substudy1
| Baseline characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Mothers, n | 1153 |
| Infants, n | 1169 |
| Household characteristics | |
| Occupants, n | 5 [3–6] |
| Wealth quintile | |
| 1 (lowest) | 199 of 1124 (17.7%) |
| 2 | 229 of 1124 (20.4%) |
| 3 | 237 of 1124 (21.1%) |
| 4 | 232 of 1124 (20.6%) |
| 5 (highest) | 227 of 1124 (20.2%) |
| Improved latrine at household | 343 of 1100 (31.2%) |
| Main source of household drinking water improved | 690 of 1103 (62.6%) |
| Household meets Minimum Dietary Diversity Score | 472 of 1003 (47.1%) |
| Coping Strategies Index score | 0 [0–5] |
| Maternal characteristics | |
| Age, y | 26.5 ± 6.7 |
| Height, cm | 160.0 ± 7.7 |
| Midupper arm circumference, cm | 26.7 ± 3.3 |
| Years of schooling completed | 9.6 ± 1.8 |
| Married | 1070 of 1131 (94.6%) |
| Religion | |
| Apostolic | 550 of 1138 (48.3%) |
| Other Christian | 514 of 1138 (45.2%) |
| Other | 74 of 1138 (6.5%) |
| Ever booked antenatal care | 1060 of 1068 (99.3%) |
| Maternal anemia at baseline (Hb <12 g/dL) | 158 of 1013 (15.6%) |
| Infant characteristics | |
| Female sex | 567 of 1167 (48.6%) |
| Birth weight, kg | 3.1 ± 0.5 |
| Birth weight <2500 g | 89 of 1113 (8.0%) |
| Preterm <37 weeks of gestation | 112 of 759 (14.8%) |
| Vaginal delivery | 1056 of 1136 (93.0%) |
| Institutional delivery | 1006 of 1120 (89.8%) |
| Trial arm | |
| IYCF | 620 of 1169 (53.0%) |
| Non-IYCF | 549 of 1169 (47.0%) |
| WASH | 502 of 1169 (42.9%) |
| Non-WASH | 667 of 1169 (57.1%) |
1
Values are n, n (%), mean ± SD, or median [IQR]. Baseline variables are presented for mothers who had live births. Maternal and household data were collected ∼2 wk after consent was recorded. Baseline for infants was at birth. Hb, hemoglobin; IYCF, infant and young child feeding; WASH, water, sanitation, and hygiene.