Table 1.
Comparison of Nursing Home Characteristics by Prevalence of Minorities in the Nursing Homes and in Their Communities
| Low-Minority Community |
High-Minority Community |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low-Minority NHs | Moderate-Minority NHs | High-Minority NHs | Low-Minority NHs | Moderate-Minority NHs | High-Minority NHs | |
| No. of NHs | 3921 | 2938 | 684 | 278 | 1497 | 3805 |
| % of weeks with COVID cases | 5.48 | 11.06 | 14.76 | 10.61 | 14.47 | 20.38 |
| % of weeks with COVID death cases | 2.40 | 5.33 | 7.23 | 4.99 | 7.08 | 10.22 |
| Average cases over the entire period (SD) | 0.05 (0.11) | 0.11 (0.16) | 0.15 (0.18) | 0.11 (0.18) | 0.15 (0.18) | 0.21 (0.20) |
| Average death cases over the entire period (SD) | 0.02 (0.08) | 0.05 (0.11) | 0.07 (0.13) | 0.05 (0.11) | 0.07 (0.13) | 0.10 (0.15) |
| Star rating | ||||||
| 1-star | 9.41 | 18.48 | 23.98 | 4.32 | 12.09 | 25.73 |
| 2-star | 16.45 | 20.76 | 25.15 | 12.95 | 18.44 | 24.76 |
| 3-star | 17.57 | 17.60 | 17.98 | 14.39 | 20.17 | 19.16 |
| 4-star | 24.56 | 22.53 | 17.11 | 27.70 | 22.98 | 16.82 |
| 5-star | 32.01 | 20.63 | 15.79 | 40.65 | 26.32 | 13.53 |
| Hospital affiliation status (yes) | 3.52 | 1.23 | 2.05 | 2.52 | 2.47 | 1.97 |
| CNA hours per resident per day (SD) | 2.37 (0.54) | 2.18 (0.49) | 2.16 (0.47) | 2.59 (0.66) | 2.33 (0.53) | 2.22 (0.47) |
| RN hours per resident per day (SD) | 0.81 (0.38) | 0.65 (0.32) | 0.61 (0.37) | 0.89 (0.49) | 0.64 (0.35) | 0.50 (0.29) |
| Occupancy rate (SD) | 75.86 (14.23) | 72.94 (17.99) | 71.70 (14.84) | 75.53 (13.36) | 71.92 (14.81) | 72.27 (15.69) |
| No. of occupied beds (SD) | 67.96 (34.03) | 82.42 (43.76) | 95.94 (57.71) | 69.50 (37.64) | 79.83 (41.10) | 91.56 (49.10) |
| For profit | 64.40 | 82.33 | 85.23 | 49.28 | 76.35 | 88.88 |
| Not for profit | 35.60 | 17.67 | 14.77 | 50.72 | 23.65 | 11.12 |
| Government owned | 7.65 | 4.59 | 2.19 | 5.40 | 6.08 | 4.36 |
| % Medicaid | ||||||
| Low | 31.57 | 19.43 | 14.91 | 50.36 | 27.72 | 11.54 |
| Moderate | 52.10 | 53.54 | 42.54 | 31.65 | 50.57 | 45.60 |
| High | 12.01 | 21.24 | 38.89 | 10.43 | 16.23 | 39.71 |
| Missing | 4.31 | 5.79 | 3.65 | 7.55 | 5.48 | 3.15 |
| % Medicare | ||||||
| Low | 23.90 | 19.88 | 29.39 | 21.22 | 15.43 | 25.44 |
| Moderate | 50.06 | 50.03 | 46.64 | 42.81 | 44.82 | 51.04 |
| High | 21.73 | 24.30 | 20.32 | 28.42 | 34.27 | 20.37 |
| Missing | 4.31 | 5.79 | 3.65 | 7.55 | 5.48 | 3.15 |
| Chain | 53.76 | 61.98 | 58.92 | 40.29 | 54.64 | 59.50 |
| Missing | 4.31 | 5.79 | 3.65 | 7.55 | 5.48 | 3.15 |
| NP/PA | 45.50 | 59.94 | 62.87 | 41.01 | 52.04 | 58.03 |
| Missing | 4.31 | 5.79 | 3.65 | 7.55 | 5.48 | 3.15 |
| Rural | 7.91 | 2.08 | 0.88 | 2.88 | 1.60 | 1.66 |
| Median household income in a county (SD) | 54,954.39 (13,041.42) | 59,415.13 (16,171.78) | 63,758.75 (17,381.03) | 57,950.48 (14,146.98) | 57,296.58 (14,831.69) | 54,522.22 (14,965.07) |
| Percentage of population aged ≥65 y (zip code level) (SD) | 19.91 (6.64) | 19.00 (6.91) | 18.24 (5.47) | 16.06 (4.72) | 15.83 (5.19) | 14.60 (4.52) |
| % population with at least high school education in a county (SD) | 89.56 (4.33) | 89.17 (4.03) | 88.13 (4.19) | 86.79 (4.82) | 86.32 (5.12) | 84.19 (5.97) |
| Weekly new COVID cases per 1000 people in a county (SD) | 0.59 (0.70) | 0.75 (0.74) | 0.85 (0.79) | 1.00 (1.00) | 1.08 (0.98) | 1.39 (1.58) |
NP/PA, nurse practitioner/physician assistant; SD, standard deviation.
Values are percentages unless otherwise noted.