. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Aug 20.

Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Res. 2020 Nov 10;90(1):45–51. doi: 10.1038/s41390-020-01231-6

Table 2.

Clinical Characteristics of Asthma Clusters in Children^*

Cluster	Summary of Clinical Characteristics

	Minimally symptomatic asthma and rhinitis
Cluster A	Lowest levels of allergy and allergic inflammation
	Normal pulmonary physiology

Cluster B	Highly symptomatic asthma (high step-level controller therapy)
Cluster B	Lower levels of allergy and allergic inflammation
	Mildly impaired pulmonary physiology

	Minimally symptomatic asthma and rhinitis
Cluster C	Intermediate levels of allergy and allergic inflammation
	Mildly impaired pulmonary physiology

	Minimally symptomatic asthma (intermediate step-level controller therapy)
Cluster D	Symptomatic rhinitis
	Higher levels of allergy and allergic inflammation
	Intermediately impaired pulmonary physiology

Cluster E	Highest levels of symptomatic asthma and rhinitis (high-level step treatment)
Cluster E	Highest levels of allergy and allergic inflammation
	Most impaired pulmonary physiology

Summarized from Reference 30. (Zoratti E. M., et al. Asthma phenotypes in inner-city children. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 138, 1016-1029 (2016).)