Table 4.
Type of Leishmaniasis according to risk factors and evolution.
| Visceral | Cutaneous | Muco cutaneous | Total | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | (a) | ||
| N (%) | |||||
| Risk factors | |||||
| Foreign origin | 12 (19.7%) | 26 (32.5%) | 0 | 45 (27.9%) | 0.092 f |
| Male sex | 43 (71.7%) | 52 (65%) | 4 (100%) | 109 (68.1%) | 0.491 |
| Disadvantaged | 39 (69.6%) | 51 (64.6%) | 3 (75%) | 102 (75%) | 0.911 |
| neighborhood | |||||
| Immunosuppression | 31 (50.8%) | 8 (10%) | 1 (25%) | 50 (31.1%) | <0.001 f |
| Contact with animal | 25 (40.9%) | 9 (11.3%) | 1 (25%) | 35 (21.8%) | <0.001 f |
| Travel to endemic | 8 (13.1%) | 27 (33.8%) | 0 | 35 (20.1%) | <0.001 f |
| country | |||||
| History of transplant | 1 (1.6%) | 1 (1.3%) | 0 | 2 (1.2%) | * |
| History of alcoholism | 8 (13.1%) | 3 (3.8%) | 1 (25%) | 12 (6.9%) | <0.001 f |
| History of transfusion | 5 (8.2%) | 0 | 0 | 5 (2.9%) | * |
| Intravenous drug use | 16 (26.2%) | 0 | 0 | 16 (9.2%) | * |
| Evolution | |||||
| Hospital admission | 57 (93.4%) | 1 (1.3%) | 1 (25%) | 62 (32.6%) | |
| Cured without | 51 (83.6%) | 67 (83.8%) | 3 (75%) | 121 (68.4%) | |
| sequels | |||||
| Cured with sequels | 4 (6.6%) | 6 (7.5%) | 1 (25%) | 11 (6.2%) | |
| Death | 2 (3.3%) | 0 | 0 | 3 (1.7%) | |
| Total | 61 (34.5%) | 80 (45.2%) | 4 (2.3%) | 177 (100%) | |
Barcelona, 1996–2019 (missing values = 32; 18.08%). P-values presented with an italic f (f) when Fisher's exact test is performed, and with an asterisk (*) when not performed due to cases with very low frequency.