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. 2021 Apr 26;12:668123. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.668123

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Copyright © 2021 Hering and Stepan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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ILT-test algorithms. Swimming pace (S_Sin) during warm-up (W_UP) was self-chosen. The fine threshold adjustment (FTA) was executed in accordance to test duration and blood lactate dynamics. The current threshold criteria (TC) 1, 2 and 2a for determination of the individual lactate threshold (ILT), have been developed into their current form by continuously incorporating ILT-test data. After determination of the individual lactate threshold (ILT), the lactate accumulation usually slowed down after a slight workload reduction indicating the MLSS_W. [La⁻], blood lactate concentration; MLSS_W, maximal lactate steady state workload; RPE, rate of perceived exertion; and WLTAs, initial workload adaptation.