Table 4.
Comparisons of the Differences of all the Variables Between Baseline and 1-Y Follow-Up According to the Changes of 2.5% and 1.25% LCLA in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
| Δ 2.5% LCLA | Δ 1.25% LCLA | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Δ Variables | <0 (n = 16) | ≥ 0 (n = 23) | P Values | <0 (n = 17) | ≥ 0 (n = 22) | P Values | |
| Clinical index | EDSS scores | 0.1 ± 0.2 | 0.0 ± 0.4 | 0.257 | 0.1 ± 0.5 | 0.0 ± 0.2 | 0.639 |
| MOPP (mm Hg) | −0.2 ± 5.9 | −0.4 ± 6.1 | 0.907 | 0.2 ± 7.5 | −0.7 ± 4.4 | 0.673 | |
| Vision function by LCLA test | 2.5% LCLA | −5.3 ± 4.6* | 4.7 ± 5.7* | <0.001 | −1.8 ± 7.0 | 2.5 ± 6.9 | 0.054 |
| 1.25% LCLA | −1.8 ± 7.6 | 1.1 ± 5.3 | 0.181 | −5.5 ± 4.0* | 4.1 ± 4.5* | <0.001 | |
| RGC function by PERG test | Amplitude (nV) | −29.8 ± 293.8 | 12.3 ± 439.3 | 0.689 | −114.2 ± 432.8 | 79.4 ± 324.9 | 0.097 |
| Latency (ms) | 0.2 ± 3.0 | −0.6 ± 3.1 | 0.372 | −0.8 ± 3.6 | 0.1 ± 2.6 | 0.428 | |
| pRNFL birefringence by PS-OCT b | Average PR/UD (degree/100 µm) | −0.5 ± 4.3 | −1.2 ± 4.0 | 0.648 | −0.2 ± 4.4 | −1.5 ± 3.8 | 0.353 |
| Temporal PR/UD (degree/100 µm) | −1.6 ± 5.5 | −2.4 ± 4.5a | 0.651 | −3.4 ± 4.0a | −0.9 ± 5.4 | 0.109 | |
| Superior PR/UD (degree/100 µm) | −1.6 ± 5.8 | −2.1 ± 3.1a | 0.756 | −2.7 ± 3.3a | −1.3 ± 5.0 | 0.306 | |
| Nasal PR/UD (degree/100 µm) | −3.8 ± 10.0 | −1.0 ± 8.7 | 0.384 | −3.8 ± 9.6 | −0.8 ± 8.9 | 0.326 | |
| Inferior PR/UD (degree/100 µm) | −2.9 ± 5.1a | −0.7 ± 5.6 | 0.220 | −2.9 ± 5.9 | −0.5 ± 4.9 | 0.181 | |
| Microvasculature by OCTA | VVDr | −0.030 ± 0.142 | −0.030 ± 0.138 | 0.982 | −0.003 ± 0.134 | −0.053 ± 0.140a | 0.165 |
| VVDs | −0.104 ± 0.271 | −0.028 ± 0.273 | 0.307 | 0.015 ± 0.230 | −0.131 ± 0.293a | 0.045 | |
| VVDd | 0.004 ± 0.388 | −0.108 ± 0.407 | 0.258 | −0.037 ± 0.414 | −0.079 ± 0.393 | 0.694 | |
| Microstructure by UHR-OCT | TRT-annulus (µm) | −0.5 ± 6.4 | 0.9 ± 5.2 | 0.335 | 0.1 ± 5.6 | 0.5 ± 5.8 | 0.762 |
| mRNFL-annulus (µm) | 0.2 ± 2.2 | 0.4 ± 3.0 | 0.725 | 0.1 ± 2.4 | 0.5 ± 2.9 | 0.504 | |
| GCIPL-annulus (µm) | 0.7 ± 3.1 | −0.6 ± 3.5 | 0.076 | 0.3 ± 3.3 | −0.4 ± 3.5 | 0.413 | |
| Microstructure | GCIPL (µm) | −0.3 ± 1.4 | −0.6 ± 2.0a | 0.509 | −0.3 ± 1.3 | −0.7 ± 2.0a | 0.271 |
| by Zeiss OCT | pRNFL (µm) | −1.1 ± 3.8 | −0.2 ± 4.3 | 0.345 | −0.6 ± 3.1 | −0.6 ± 4.8 | 0.942 |
| Microcirculation by RFI b | Arteriolar RBF (nl/s) | 0.37 ± 0.96 | 0.55 ± 1.13a | 0.638 | 0.27 ± 1.17 | 0.63 ± 0.99a | 0.343 |
| Venular RBF (nl/s) | 0.28 ± 0.93 | 0.56 ± 1.18 a | 0.441 | 0.19 ± 1.23 | 0.65 ± 0.98 a | 0.241 | |
| RTP (nl/s/mm3) | 0.22 ± 1.14 | 0.46 ± 1.03 a | 0.549 | 0.17 ± 1.29 | 0.52 ± 0.87 a | 0.380 | |
EDSS, Expanded Disability State Scale; LCLA, low contrast letter acuity; PERG, pattern electroretinogram; mRNFL, macular retinal nerve fiber layer; pRNFL, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer; PR/UD, phase retardation per unit depth; OCTA, optical coherence tomography angiography; VVDr, volumetric vessel density of retinal vascular network; VVDs, volumetric vessel density of superficial vascular plexus; VVDd, volumetric vessel density of deep vascular plexus; UHR-OCT, ultra-high-resolution optical coherence tomography; TRT, total retinal thickness; RNFL, retinal nerve fiber layer; GCIPL, ganglion cell, and inner plexiform layer; RFI, retinal function imager; RBF, retinal blood flow; RTP, retinal tissue perfusion. Δ, differences between baseline and 1-year follow-up.
With bold values, P < 0.05 baseline versus 1-year follow-up. Bold P value represents < 0.05.
Only one eye of each patient was imaged.