Table 7.
Comparisons of the Differences of All the Variables Between Baseline and 1 Year Follow-Up in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis With Disease Activity
| Disease Activity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Δ Variables | NEDA (n = 25) | Activity (n = 19) | P Values | |
| Clinical index | EDSS scores | 0.0 ± 0.4 | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.340 |
| MOPP (mm Hg) | −1.6 ± 6.6 | 1.3 ± 4.6 | 0.139 | |
| Vision function by LCLA test | 2.5% LCLA | −0.2 ± 8.7 | 1.6 ± 4.6 | 0.409 |
| 1.25% LCLA | −0.8 ± 6.5 | 0.9 ± 6.2 | 0.386 | |
| RGC function by PERG test | Amplitude (nV) | 52.3 ± 373.8 | −80.7 ± 379.7 | 0.224 |
| Latency (ms) | −0.4 ± 2.6 | −0.1 ± 3.6 | 0.880 | |
| pRNFL birefringence by PS-OCT b | Average PR/UD (degree/100 µm) | −0.2 ± 4.1 | −1.1 ± 4.2 | 0.485 |
| Temporal PR/UD (degree/100 µm) | −1.7 ± 4.7 | −2.0 ± 4.9 | 0.833 | |
| Superior PR/UD (degree/100 µm) | −1.8 ± 4.9 | −2.1 ± 3.0a | 0.819 | |
| Nasal PR/UD (degree/100 µm) | −0.5 ± 9.9 | −1.7 ± 9.0 | 0.665 | |
| Inferior PR/UD (degree/100 µm) | −1.5 ± 5.3 | −1.5 ± 5.3 | 0.990 | |
| Microvasculature by OCTA | VVDr | −0.032 ± 0.154 | −0.019 ± 0.116 | 0.761 |
| VVDs | −0.073 ± 0.298 | −0.036 ± 0.229 | 0.636 | |
| VVDd | −0.053 ± 0.401 | −0.042 ± 0.407 | 0.937 | |
| Microstructure by UHR-OCT | TRT-annulus (µm) | 0.3 ± 5.1 | 0.2 ± 6.2 | 0.982 |
| mRNFL-annulus (µm) | 0.3 ± 2.0 | 0.3 ± 3.2 | 0.920 | |
| GCIPL-annulus (µm) | 0.2 ± 3.4 | −0.2 ± 3.3 | 0.585 | |
| Microstructure by Zeiss OCT | GCIPL (µm) | −0.3 ± 1.1 | −0.7 ± 2.3 | 0.247 |
| pRNFL (µm) | −0.2 ± 3.4 | −1.2 ± 4.9 | 0.326 | |
| Microcirculation by RFI b | Arteriolar RBF (nl/s) | 0.49 ± 0.94 a | 0.38 ± 1.19 | 0.752 |
| Venular RBF (nl/s) | 0.48 ± 0.93 a | 0.35 ± 1.25 | 0.717 | |
| RTP (nl/s/mm3) | 0.37 ± 1.08 | 0.30 ± 1.03 | 0.848 | |
NEDA, no evidence of disease activity; EDSS, Expanded Disability State Scale; LCLA, low contrast letter acuity; PERG, pattern electroretinogram; mRNFL, macular retinal nerve fiber layer; pRNFL, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer; PS-OCT, polarization-sensitive OCT; PR/UD, phase retardation per unit depth; OCTA, optical coherence tomography angiography; VVDr, volumetric vessel density of retinal vascular network; VVDs, volumetric vessel density of superficial vascular plexus; VVDd, volumetric vessel density of deep vascular plexus; UHR-OCT, ultra-high-resolution optical coherence tomography; TRT, total retinal thickness; RNFL, retinal nerve fiber layer; GCIPL, ganglion cell, and inner plexiform layer; RFI, retinal function imager; RBF, retinal blood flow; RTP, retinal tissue perfusion.
Δ, Differences between baseline and 1-year follow-up.
With bold values, P < 0.05 baseline versus 1-year follow-up. Bold P value represents < 0.05.
Only one eye of each patient was imaged.