Skip to main content
. 2021 Apr;12(2):669–693. doi: 10.21037/jgo-20-341

Table 1. Characteristics of the patients (SO and NSO group).

Characteristic Training cohort Validation cohort P*
Total (n=452) NSO (n=370) SO (n=82) P Total (n=275) NSO (n=234) SO (n=41) P
Age (y), mean (SD) 53.15 (11.70) 52.95 (11.70) 54.05 (11.73) 0.456 54.07 (11.30) 54.34 (11.32) 52.51 (11.25) 0.396 0.336
Sex, n (%) 0.037 0.996 0.099
   Male 386 (85.4) 322 (87.0) 64 (78.0) 223 (81.1) 189 (80.8) 33 (80.5)
   Female 66 (14.6) 48 (13.0) 18 (22.0) 53 (19.3) 45 (19.2) 8 (19.5)
BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) 23.10 (3.13) 22.49 (3.06) 25.84 (1.59) <0.001 23.42 (3.31) 22.88 (3.26) 26.53 (1.32) <0.001 0.243
SMI (cm2/m2), mean (SD) 47.17 (9.78) 49.44 (9.4) 36.92 (4.64) <0.001 44.77 (9.06) 46.47 (8.59) 35.06 (4.58) <0.001 <0.001
Comorbidity, n (%)
   Diabetes 51 (11.3) 38 (10.3) 13 (15.9) 0.148 31 (11.3) 23 (9.9) 8 (19.5) 0.072 0.997
   Cardiovascular disease 99 (21.9) 62 (16.8) 37 (45.1) <0.001 69 (25.1) 59 (25.2) 17 (41.5) 0.032 0.079
WBC count (109/L), mean (SD) 6.69 (2.56) 6.71 (2.58) 6.60 (2.50) 0.724 6.35 (2.15) 6.31 (2.21) 6.61 (1.82) 0.199 0.202
Neutrophil count (109/L), mean (SD) 4.26 (2.40) 4.32 (2.46) 4.00 (2.06) 0.244 3.89 (2.00) 3.89 (1.99) 3.94 (2.05) 0.803 0.079
Lymphocyte count (109/L), mean (SD) 1.79 (0.69) 1.76 (0.73) 1.90 (0.46) 0.005 1.77 (0.63) 1.73 (0.60) 2.00 (0.72) 0.019 0.997
Monocyte count (109/L), mean (SD) 0.49 (0.26) 0.50 (0.27) 0.46 (0.23) 0.042 0.47 (0.17) 0.47 (0.18) 0.49 (0.13) 0.246 0.930
Platelet count (109/L), mean (SD) 191.51 (79.98) 191.22 (77.52) 192.80 (90.78) 0.567 193.85 (81.14) 194.15 (82.42) 192.17 (74.34) 0.972 0.852
Albumin (g/L), mean (SD) 42.25 (5.86) 42.03 (6.06) 43.22 (4.74) 0.110 42.38 (5.28) 42.18 (5.52) 43.53 (3.48) 0.288 0.886
NLR, mean (SD) 2.96 (3.30) 2.15 (3.59) 2.12 (0.98) 0.021 2.56 (2.14) 2.61 (2.15) 2.25 (2.06) 0.194 0.098
PLR, mean (SD) 119.45 (64.79) 122.44 (66.60) 105.86 (54.26) 0.200 119.70 (61.71) 123.16 (64.82) 99.98 (33.77) 0.096 0.777
LMR, mean (SD) 4.19 (2.00) 4.05 (1.99) 4.85 (1.93) <0.001 4.06 (1.52) 4.00 (1.41) 4.37 (2.02) 0.992 0.916
PNI, mean (SD) 51.19 (7.64) 50.84 (7.89) 52.76 (6.20) 0.200 50.57 (8.60) 50.04 (8.98) 53.55 (5.14) 0.017 0.820
SII, mean (SD) 552 (597.59) 579.54 (634.11) 432.69 (372.48) 0.031 486.64 (419.81) 502.87 (432.93) 394.02 (324.73) 0.265 0.330
Child-Pugh classification, n (%) 0.549 0.138 0.859
   A 431 (95.4) 353 (95.4) 78 (95.1) 263 (95.6) 222 (94.9) 12 (5.1)
   B 21 (4.6) 17 (4.6) 4 (4.9) 12 (4.4) 12 (100.0) 0
HBsAg, n (%) 0.096 0.494 0.174
   Positive 385 (85.2) 320 (86.5) 65 (79.3) 244 (88.7) 207 (88.5) 37 (90.2)
   Negative 67 (14.8) 50 (13.5) 17 (20.7) 31 (11.3) 27 (11.5) 4 (9.8)
AFP group (ng/mL), n (%)
   ≥400 158 (35.0) 128 (34.6) 30 (36.6) 0.732 104 (34.8) 87 (37.2) 17 (41.5) 0.602 0.436
   <400 294 (65.0) 242 (65.4) 52 (63.4) 171 (62.2) 147 (62.8) 24 (58.5)
Surgery type, n (%) 0.316 0.365 0.003
   ≥ Lobectomy 198 (43.8) 158 (42.7) 40 (48.8) 152 (55.3) 132 (56.4) 20 (48.8)
   < Lobectomy 254 (56.2) 212 (57.3) 42 (51.2) 123 (44.7) 102 (43.6) 21 (51.2)
Postoperative hospital stay (d), mean (SD) 13.43 (7.45) 13.32 (7.20) 13.89 (8.52) 0.886 12.16 (7.59) 12.40 (8.11) 10.78 (2.95) 0.935 <0.001
Tumor size (cm), mean (SD) 6.95 (4.71) 6.81 (4.61) 7.59 (5.16) 0.285 6.50 (4.46) 6.52 (4.52) 6.36 (4.20) 0.923 0.344
Number of tumors, n (%) 0.001 0.530 0.870
   Solitary 356 (78.8) 303 (81.9) 53 (64.6) 218 (79.3) 187 (79.9) 31 (75.6)
   Multiple 96 (21.2) 67 (18.1) 29 (35.4) 57 (20.7) 47 (20.1) 10 (24.4)
Macrovascular invasion, n (%) 0.225 0.054 <0.001
   Negative 386 (85.4) 314 (84.9) 72 (87.8) 244 (88.7) 212 (90.6) 32 (78.0)
   PVTT 50 (11.1) 43 (11.6) 7 (8.5) 9 (3.3) 7 (3.0) 2 (4.9)
   HVTT 8 (1.8) 5 (1.4) 3 (3.7) 20 (7.3) 13 (5.6) 7 (17.1)
   PVTT + HVTT 8 (1.8) 8 (2.2) 0 2 (0.7) 2 (0.9) 0
Microvascular invasion, n (%) 0.003 0.836 0.261
   Positive 167 (36.9) 125 (33.8) 42 (51.2) 165 (60.0) 93 (39.7) 17 (41.5)
   Negative 285 (63.1) 245 (66.2) 40 (48.8) 107 (38.9) 141 (60.3) 24 (58.5)
Tumor differentiation, n (%) 0.016 0.263 0.022
   Well 42 (9.3) 34 (9.2) 8 (9.8) 12 (4.4) 12 (5.1) 0
   Moderate 327 (72.3) 259 (70.0) 68 (82.9) 199 (72.4) 170 (72.6) 29 (70.7)
   Poor 83 (18.4) 77 (20.8) 6 (7.3) 61 (23.3) 52 (22.2) 12 (29.3)
Satellite lesions, n (%) 0.007 0.163 0.424
   Positive 24 (5.3) 24 (6.5) 0 5 (4.0) 11 (4.7) 0
   Negative 428 (94.7) 346 (93.5) 82 (100.0) 264 (96.0) 223 (95.3) 41 (100.0)
Complete encapsulation, n (%) 0.116 0.443 0.500
   Positive 7 (1.5) 4 (1.1) 3 (3.7) 5 (1.8) 5 (2.1) 0
   Negative 445 (98.5) 366 (98.9) 79 (96.3) 270 (98.2) 229 (97.9) 41 (100.0)
AJCC stage, n (%) 0.363 0.636 0.124
   I 208 (46.0) 180 (48.6) 31 (40.2) 119 (43.3) 105 (44.9) 14 (34.1)
   II 103 (22.8) 75 (20.3) 23 (28.0) 69 (25.1) 57 (24.4) 12 (29.3)
   III 135 (29.9) 110 (29.7) 25 (30.5) 77 (28.0) 64 (27.4) 13 (31.7)
   IV 6 (1.3) 5 (1.4) 1 (1.2) 10 (3.6) 8 (3.4) 2 (4.9)
BCLC stage, n (%) 0.019 0.542 <0.001
   0 24 (5.3) 24 (6.5) 0 12 (4.4) 12 (5.1) 0
   A 274 (60.6) 225 (60.8) 49 (59.8) 107 (38.9) 89 (38.0) 18 (43.9)
   B 14 (3.1) 13 (3.5) 1 (1.2) 87 (31.6) 75 (32.1) 12 (29.3)
   C 140 (31.0) 108 (29.2`) 32 (39.0) 69 (25.1) 58 (24.8) 11 (26.8)

P*, training cohort versus validation cohort. NSO, nonsarcopenic obesity; SO, sarcopenic obesity; BMI, body mass index; SMI, skeletal muscle index; WBC count, white blood cell count; NLR, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, PLR, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, LMR, lymphocyte-monocyte ratio, PNI, prognostic nutritional index; SII, systemic immune-inflammation index. AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; PVTT, portal vein tumor thrombus; HVTT, hepatic vein tumor thrombus; BDTT, bile duct tumor thrombus; AJCC, American Joint Committee Cancer 8th edition; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging systems.