Table 2.
Langerhans Cell Density and Corneal Nerve Parameters in Healthy Controls and Patients With T1DM, LADA, or T2DM
| Control (n = 23) | T1DM (n = 25) | LADA (n = 23) | T2DM (n = 36) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Langerhans cell density (no./mm2), median (IQR) | |||||
| Mature | 3.1 (0.0–9.4) | 6.2 (2.3–12.0) | 8.3 (3.1–22.5)* | 7.5 (2.3–24.5)* | 0.059 |
| Immature | 17.5 (8.3–42.9) | 28.1 (18.7–77.6) | 42.7 (31.2–103.1)* | 39.3 (11.6–98.1) | 0.03 |
| Total | 22.5 (9.4–46.9) | 34.4 (19.8–95.3)* | 47.9 (34.4–138.5)* | 51.6 (16.1–107.6)* | 0.03 |
| CNFD (no./mm2), median (IQR) | 30.2 (28.1–37.5) | 23.4 (20.2–28.1)* | 22.9 (20.8–27.1)* | 26.1 (21.9–30.9)* | <0.001 |
| CNBD (no./mm2), median (IQR) | 88.8 (71.9–96.9) | 44.8 (28.5–61.6)* | 54.2 (41.7–69.8)* | 48.4 (32.3–75.0)* | <0.001 |
| CNFL (mm/mm2), mean ± SD | 27.8 ± 4.1 | 19.1 ± 4.2* | 20.3 ± 7.4* | 21.3 ± 6.3* | <0.001 |
P represents statistical difference among all groups. Statistically significant differences are in bold.
*
Significant difference compared to control.